Visuelle Expertise und der Other-Race Effekt
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Visuelle Expertise und der Other-Race Effekt

Visuelle Expertise und der Other-Race Effekt


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About the Book

Bachelorarbeit aus dem Jahr 2023 im Fachbereich Psychologie - Sonstiges, FernUniversität Hagen (Psychologie), Veranstaltung: Psychologische Methodenlehre und Evaluation, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Die visuelle Wahrnehmung ist eine wichtige Quelle von Informationen, die das soziale Miteinander gestaltet. Täglich begegnen wir einer Vielzahl von Menschen und gucken ihnen dabei oft ins Gesicht. Reid et al. (2017) zeigten, dass sogar Föten im Mutterleib schon Wahrnehmungsinformationen verarbeiten und eine Präferenz für aufrechte im Vergleich zu intervierten gesichtsähnlichen Reizen zeigten. Bei einem Gesicht sind zwar die Basiskonfiguration/Grundmerkmale jedes Gesichts gleich (Augen, Nase, Mund), die Verarbeitung dieser Gesichtskomponenten erfolgt aber abhängig von der ethnischen Gruppenzugehörigkeit (Ingroup vs. Outgroup) unterschiedlich. Ingroup bezeichnet hierbei die eigene ethische Gruppe bzw. Eigengruppe im Vergleich zur Outgroup (Fremdgruppe), d.h. die andere ethnische Rasse. Dieser als Wahrnehmungsverzerrung bekannte sogenannte Other-race Effekt (ORE) beschreibt die schlechtere Wiedererkennungsleistung der Outgroup im Vergleich zur Ingroup, mit teilweise gravierende Folgen. Auch wenn die Wieder/Erkennungsleistung von Gesichtern innerhalb einer Population stark schwankt, so ist der ORE ein robustes Phänomen. Die Ursachen des ORE werden kontrovers diskutiert, wobei grundsätzlich zwei theoretische Hauptströmungen zu unterscheiden sind. Hierbei stehen die inkonsistenten empirischen Belege teilweise in Diskrepanz zu den theoretischen Überlegungen. Eine der Hauptströmung bezieht sich auf die Expertise-Theorien, die kurz zusammengefasst besagen, dass der ORE auf einen Mangel an (Kontakt-)Erfahrung mit Outgroup- Gesichtern zurückzuführen ist. Eine Strategie den ORE zu reduzieren stellt demnach cross-race Kontakt dar. In ihren Metaanalysen, die in einem Abstand von 20 Jahren durchgeführt wurden, fanden Meissner und Brigham (2001) sowie Singh et al. (2021) aber nur eine


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9783346964816
  • Publisher: Bod Third Party Titles
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: German
  • Returnable: N
  • Weight: 163 gr
  • ISBN-10: 3346964817
  • Publisher Date: 04 Nov 2023
  • Height: 210 mm
  • No of Pages: 78
  • Spine Width: 5 mm
  • Width: 148 mm


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