Section 1: Introduction
Chapter 1: Introduction: An overview of host-directed therapies for tuberculosis
Daniel Frank, Robert Mahon
Section 2: Targeting immunometabolism
Chapter 2: Sirtuin deacetylases: Linking Mycobacterial infection and host metabolism
Lorissa Smulan, Hardy Kornfeld, and Amit Singhal
Chapter 3: The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1): an ally of M. tuberculosis in host cells
Natalie Bruiners, Valentina Guerrini, Maria Laura Gennaro
Chapter 4: HIF-1α as a potential therapeutic target for tuberculosis treatment
Qingkui Jiang, Maria Laura Gennaro, Lanbo Shi
Chapter 5: Nuclear receptors in host-directed therapies against tuberculosis
Eun-Kyeong Jo
Section 3: Enhancing anti-mycobacterial mechanisms
Chapter 6: Autophagy as a target for host-directed therapy against tuberculosis
Surbhi Verma, Raman Deep Sharma and Dhiraj Kumar
Chapter 7: Metformin: a leading HDT candidate for TB
Amit Singhal and Hardy Kornfeld
Chapter 8: Statins as host-directed therapy for tuberculosis
Noton K. Dutta, Petros C. Karakousis
Chapter 9: Antimycobacterial attributes of mitochondria: An insight into host defense mechanisms
Rikesh K Dubey, Apoorva Narain
Section 4: Targeting immune cells
Chapter 10: Conventional and unconventional lymphocytes in immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Paula Ruibal, Tom H.M. Ottenhoff, Simone A. Joosten
Chapter 11: Targeting inhibitory cells such as Tregs and MDSCs in the tuberculous granuloma
Sadiya Parveen, John R. Murphy, and William R. Bishai
Chapter 12: Targeting suppressor T cells
Léanie Kleynhans, Gerhard Walzl
Chapter 13: Neutrophil-mediated mechanisms as targets fo
About the Author:
Petros C. Karakousis, M.D., is an infectious diseases-trained physician scientist and Professor of Medicine at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. His research focus is on host-pathogen interactions contributing to Mycobacterium tuberculosis persistence and antibiotic tolerance. His laboratory is actively investigating the repurposing of clinically available agents with immune-modulatory properties as adjunctive host-directed therapy, in order to shorten the duration of TB treatment and improve lung pathology.
Maria Laura Gennaro, M.D., is Professor of Medicine at Rutgers New Jersey School of Medicine. Her laboratory studies mechanisms of adaptation expressed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and by the host macrophage during infection, with the goal of finding targets for therapeutic intervention. She has a specific interest in macrophage lipid metabolism, which is altered following M. tuberculosis infection, thereby promoting bacterial survival. Richard Hafner, M.D., is an infectious diseases-trained physician and Chief of the TB Clinical Research Branch in the Division of AIDS at NIAID/NIH. Throughout his career, he has had a long-standing interest in advancing innovative host-directed therapies for infections. He has been involved in several clinical trials, authored various articles, and hosted multiple scientific meetings related to research to develop targeted HDTs for TB.