The book is devoted to the current problem of global sustainable development; conflicts with the effective system working that allow making some conclusion for further compatibility improvements. At foremost, analyses look at recent international and own researchers dealing with algae technology and conversation to energy. The total global production of macroalgae is superior about 100 times compared to microalgae or 19 - 23 million tons by dry weight and market at $5 - 6 billion. Macroalgal biomass has a potential for the production of biofuels and can be used also for decentralized wastewater cleaning. The analyses showed that development microalgae producing have all necessary unlimited resources such as land and water (wastewater and groundwater). Food waste use for microalgae cultivation can lead to GHG mitigation up to 3.3 GTCO2e/yr or 8 % of global emissions. The UNEP ignored high carbon capture and storage (CCS) potential of algae. Simultaneously, international organization and researchers as main constraints for microalgae biofuels have described the cost of their production based on comparing with prices of oil fuels and crop biofuels. Comparison of the cost of microalgal biofuel production with a subsided prices of oil and crops biofuel is a methodical mistake as the governments have paid part of their fuel price from public funds as well as it is necessary to take into account also large scale production competitive benefits. It is stressed that many projects and Life Cycle Assessments (LCAs) are based on using fertilizers for nutrition microalgae. According to the ISO/TS 14067, we estimated day input of including fertilizers with nitrogen content in the total emissions of the product full life cycle by expanding of LCA boundary. Calculation emission by the use of last U.S. NPEL design of microalgae to biofuel showed that only used fertilizers with nitrogen content for the day microalgae biomass production release CO2 emission 63.56 kgCO2e per kg of the produced microalgae biomass. This is more that impact of CCS by algae cultivation - 1.83 kgCO2e per kg of algal biomass, gasoline and diesel emissions by combustion in motor vehicles (gasoline is realized 2.29 kgCO2/L (E10 - 2.21 and E85 - 1.61 kgCO2/L ) and diesel - 2.66 kgCO2/L (B5 - 2.65 and B20 - 2.62 kgCO2/L)) as well as sum of crude oils extraction-to-refining (4 to 50 gCO2e/megajoule (MJ) (about half of the total EU plants has extraction-to-refining emission from 4 to 9 gCO2/MJ) and combustion in motor vehicle emissions of 73 gCO2e/MJ). This proves that phototrophic growth of microalgae has no perspective for commercial production. The additional stressed issue is that in 2016, biofuel crops boost fertilizer industry and nitrogen fertilizer consumption intended to biofuels production. Therefore, it offered that first generation biofuel producers should seriously think about the use of feedstock yields originated by the use of organic agriculture approach. As a result of system analyses, it made the conclusion that sole main barrier for realizing of algae biofuel potential is ineffective international and governmental policies which create difficulties in the coupling of the goals between economic development and environmental activity. Therefore, we offered the new design of environmental police and relevant innovative financial mechanisms in a framework of Public/Private Partnership for archiving of effective investment flow to mitigation pollution. This policy based on recognizing of Life Conserve industry as the separate branch of production and each company which activity direct or indirect decrease pollution must receive payment for the impact of their products. Simultaneously, the analysis provides that near-term microalgae come to big feed additives market as feed additives for animals and for the fishmeal replacement in aquaculture due to competitive cost archived by technological advancement and benefits of their content.
About the Author: Dr. Armen B. Avagyan graduated Biological Department of Yerevan State University (MD, biophysics) and Economical Department of Armenian State University (MD) with excellent marks, studied postgraduate course of Moscow State University, worked as Senior Researcher of Agriculture Institute of Agriculture Ministry and Technological Institute of Amino Acids of Ministry of Medicine and Biological industry of USSR, Director of Yerevan Vitamin Plant, Director of State Institute of Biotechnology, Deputy Director of Nairit chloroprene rubber plant. Since 1991 Sole Founder of Research & Industry Center of Photosynthesizing Organisms, Feed Additives and Physiologically Active Compounds (R & I Center of FO, FA and PAC, U.S. code: DUNS 56-540-2696, TPIN 42722144, EU PIC code 997987217, NATO code - NAICS code 541711). Professional knowledge includes corporate management, finance, economics, accounting, marketing, legislation and life sciences. Since 2002 Expert of the Council of Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the CIS countries, since 2003 - Expert of EU Program FP6, FP7 and Horizon 2020 (EX2014D171761), Evaluator of EU ERA.NET and International Cooperation (InCO) programs. Academic Member of the Greece ATINER Academia, Member of American Chemical Society (ACS), Society of Chemical Industry (US, SCI), Member of Editorial Boards of the international journals. Laureate of "The International Presidents Award for Iconic Achievement" and "Top 100 Professionals" (IBC, England), "The Albert Einstein Award for Excellence" (Top 50 Geniuses of World, ABI, USA), Marquis Who's Who 2017 and 2018 Albert Nelson Marquis Lifetime Achievement Award (USA), awards of the Armenia and former USSR. Laureate of "The International Presidents Award for Iconic Achievement" and "Top 100 Professionals" (IBC, England), "The Albert Einstein Award for Excellence" (Top 50 Geniuses of World, ABI, USA), "Albert Nelson Marquis Lifetime Achievement Award" of 2017 and 2018 (Marquis Who's Who, USA), awards of the Armenia and former USSR in science & technology. Personal datais published in "Marquis "Who's Who in World" (USA, NJ, Berkeley Heights, eds 27- 34, 2009-2018, VIP no. 34708584); "2000 Outstanding Intellectuals of the 21st Century" (eds 7-10 2010-2018) and "Dictionary of International Biography" (IBI, England, Cambridge, eds 37-39, 2014 - 2018), "Great Minds of the 21st Century" (Top 1000 Professionals, USA, NC, Raleigh, ABI, 2011); Encyclopedia of World Biography (USA, Florida)