Anaerobe Ammoniakoxidation von Nitrosomonas eutropha
Anaerobe Ammoniakoxidation von Nitrosomonas eutropha

Anaerobe Ammoniakoxidation von Nitrosomonas eutropha


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About the Book

Inhaltsangabe: Zusammenfassung: Obligat chemolithoautotrophe Ammoniakoxidanten oxidieren Ammoniak mit Sauerstoff als Oxidationsmittel zu Nitrit, um ihren Bedarf an Energie zu decken. Sie sind in verschiedenen Ökosystemen weit verbreitet, in denen unter oxischen Bedingungen organische Verbindungen mineralisiert und anorganische Stickstoffverbindungen wie Ammonium freigesetzt werden. So konnten Ammoniakoxidanten in oxischen Bereichen von Böden, Gewässern und Abwassersystemen sowie auf Gesteinsoberflächen nachgewiesen werden. Darüber hinaus wurden diese Organismen allerdings auch in anoxischen Bereichen von Böden und Gewässern gefunden. Da kein anaerober Stoffwechsel der Ammoniakoxidanten bekannt war, wurde vermutet, daß die Organismen passiv in diese Bereiche eingetragen worden waren und dort stoffwechselinaktiv vorlagen. Es war unbekannt, warum unter diesen Bedingungen oftmals eine deutliche Zunahme der Zellzahl nachzuweisen war. In der Folgezeit konnte gezeigt werden, daß Ammoniakoxidanten der Gattung Nitrosomonas (Nitrosomonas eutropha und Nitrosomonas europaea) in der Lage sind, unter anoxischen Bedingungen Acetat, Pyruvat und Wasserstoff als Elektronendonatoren und Nitrit als Elektronenakzeptor zu verwenden. Als Produkt wird neben geringen Mengen von Stickstoffmonoxid (NO) und Distickstoffoxid (N2O) in erster Linie molekularer Stickstoff (N2) freigesetzt. Auf der Basis dieses Stoffwechsels konnte ein Zellwachstum nachgewiesen werden. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde erstmals ein neuer Stoffwechseltyp - die anaerobe Ammoniakoxidation - bei chemolithoautotrophen Ammoniakoxidanten nachgewiesen. Weiterhin wurde eine Methode für die Untersuchung des Ammoniak oxidierenden Systems in zellfreien Extrakten entwickelt. Unter anoxischen Bedingungen oxidierten Zellen von Nitrosomonas eutropha, Nitrosomonas europaea und Nitrosolobus multiformis Ammoniak mit Stickstoffdioxid bzw. Distickstofftetroxid (NO2/N2O4) als Oxidationsmittel über das Zwischenprodukt Hydroxylamin zu Nitri


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9783838612348
  • Publisher: Diplom.de
  • ISBN-10: 3838612345
  • Publisher Date: 11 Jan 1999


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