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Biobanken und Datenschutz

Biobanken und Datenschutz


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About the Book

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2006 im Fachbereich Jura - Datenschutz, Note: 15 Punkte, Universität Passau, Veranstaltung: Schwerpunktbereich Medien- und Kommunikation, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Biobanken sind Sammlungen von Körpersubstanzen, die mit umfangreichen Zusatzinformationen über ihre Spender verknüpft sind. Sie dienen der Erforschung weitverbreiteter Krankheiten ("Volkskrankheiten") und der Entwicklung wirksamerer und nebenwirkungsärmerer Medikamente. Neben Körpersubstanzen werden in Biobanken gesundheits- und lebensstilbezogene sowie genealogische Daten des Spenders gespeichert. Grund hierfür ist, dass die weitestverbreiteten Krankheiten so genannte multifaktoriell bedingte Krankheiten sind. Das heißt, nicht die Mutation nur eines einzelnen Gens ist für die Entstehung dieser Krankheiten verantwortlich (monogenetische Krankheiten), sondern die Veränderung mehrerer Gene sowie Umwelt- und Lebensstilfaktoren. Zudem bedarf es der umfangreichen Daten in Biobanken um genetische Profile zu identifizieren, die die Wirkungs- und Nebenwirkungswahrscheinlichkeit von medikamentösen Substanzen beeinflussen. Aus mehreren Gründen sind diese Datensammlungen (datenschutz)rechtlich besonders interessant: Es handelt sich um eine ungewöhnlich große Anhäufung sensibler Daten. Insbesondere zellhaltige Körperstoffe enthalten die gesamte biologische Grundinformation über einen Menschen in chemisch codierter Form. Zwar ist diese heute noch längst nicht vollständig ablesbar, doch der Fortschritt in Wissenschaft und Technik wird es ermöglichen, den Körperproben zukünftig sehr viel mehr Informationen zu entnehmen. Auch Informationen, von deren Existenz Spender und Forschender zur Zeit der Abnahme noch keine Kenntnis haben, können möglicherweise in Zukunft aus den Proben gewonnen werden. Aus datenschutzrechtlicher Sicht fragt sich zunächst, ob die Körperproben, die in codierter Form besondere persönliche Daten enthalten, selbst als solche zu qualifizieren sind. Ferner, ob die mögliche E


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9783640301225
  • Publisher: Grin Verlag Gmbh
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: German
  • Returnable: N
  • Spine Width: 8 mm
  • Width: 145 mm
  • ISBN-10: 3640301226
  • Publisher Date: 08 May 2009
  • Height: 206 mm
  • No of Pages: 102
  • Series Title: German
  • Weight: 195 gr


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