About the Book

• Student-friendly clinical companion.
• Demonstrates clinical signs and symptoms for proper interpretation of clinical cases.
• The book consists of two sections; section I concentrates on History taking, review of system and General Physical Examination of short cases and spot cases.
• Section II explains Systemic Examination giving explanation of each abnormal findings and Appendices.
• Discusses specific clinical disorders related to systems.
• Examination-oriented points have been highlighted in yellow and green coloured boxes and tables.
• Each chapter discusses simple bedside and advanced investigations related to the subject.
• Incorporated self-explanatory illustration, diagrams and photographs for spotting a diagnosis.
• A clinical boon to both undergraduate and postgraduate medical students, and to clinicians in their day-to-day clinical practice.

About the Author

SN Chugh MD MNAMS FICP FICN FIACM FIMSA FISC FICA Senior Professor and Pro-Vice Chancellor, Pt BD Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India

Table of Contents:
Unit I: History Taking and Review of System 1. History Taking 3 History Taking 3 Review of Systems/Presenting Symptoms 11 2. Analysis of Systemic Symptoms 19 Analysis of Systemic Symptoms 19 Gastrointestinal Symptoms 19 Symptomatology Related to Liver and Gallbladder 24 Cardiovascular Symptoms 25 Respiratory Symptoms 28 Symptoms Related to Blood Disorder 35 Urinary Symptoms 37 Neurological Symptoms 40 Endocrinal Symptoms 44 Symptoms Pertaining to Genital System 46 Symptoms of Rheumatic Diseases 49 Unit II: Physical Examination 3. General Physical Examination 51 General Observations 51 4. The Head, Scalp, Skin and Hair 62 Head and Scalp 62 The Skin 66 The Nails 67 The Hair 77 5. The Eyes 83 The Eyes 83 Investigations for a Case with Eye Disorder 100 6. The Mouth and the Pharynx 104 The Mouth and the Pharynx 104 7. The Ear, Nose, Sinuses and Throat 113 The Ear 113 Examination of the Ear 116 Investigations for a Case with the Disease of Ear 120 The Nose and Paranasal Sinuses 121 Examination of the Nose and Nasal Sinuses 122 Examination of the Throat 124 8. The Neck 126 The Neck 126 Examination of Neck 126 The Thyroid Gland 132 Investigations of a Patient with Thyroid Disease 134 The Trachea 134 The Carotid Arteries and Jugular Veins 135 9. The Breast and the Axillae 136 The Breast and the Axillae 136 Investigations for Breast Disease 143 10. The Extremities 144 Examination of Extremities 144 The Hands and the Nails 144 SECTION 1 History Taking and Physical Examination Unit III: Systemic Examination 11. The Cardiovascular System 161 The Cardiovascular System 162 Examination of Cardiovascular System (CVS) 164 Investigations for a Case with Cardiovascular Disease 187 Peripheral Vascular System 196 Occlusive Arterial Disease 198 Investigations of Peripheral Vascular Disease 205 Venous System 206 Examination of Venous System 206 12. The Respiratory System 211 The Respiratory System 212 Examination of Chest 220 Investigation of a Patient with Respiratory Disease 238 13. The Abdomen 245 The Abdomen 246 Examination of the Groins and Back 273 The Anus, Rectum and Prostate 276 Investigations of Gastrointestinal System 278 Investigations of Hepatobiliary System 282 14. The Urogenital System and Sexually Transmitted Diseases 293 The Urinary System 294 The Genital System 295 Investigations of a Case with Renal Disease 302 Examination of Genitalia 313 15. The Nervous System 324 The Nervous System 325 16. The Examination of Unconscious Patient 414 Unconsciousness or Coma 415 17. The Locomotor System 425 The Locomotor System 426 Examination of Locomotor Disorders 431 Examination of Individual Joints 440 The Ankle and the Foot 461 Investigations for Rheumatological Disorders 464 18. The Blood 469 The Blood 470 Investigations for a Haematological Case 481 19. The Psychiatric Assessment 488 The Psychiatric Assessment 489 Case Histories 495 20. The Endocrinal System 504 The Endocrine System and Metabolism 505 Brief Synopsis of Few Common Endocrinal Disorders 519 Unit IV: Appendices Appendix I 529 Sample Collection 529 Venipuncture 529 Microbial Tests 530 Serological Test 530 Chemical Analysis of the Urine 533 Semen Analysis 536 Appendix II 537 Centigrade and Fahrenheit Scale 537 SI Units 537 Normal Values (Reference Values) 538 Index 547 SECTION 2 Systemic Examination and Appendices