Deontologie Book by Jeremy Bentham - Bookswagon UAE
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Deontologie

Deontologie


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About the Book

Finalement, la richesse de Deontologie ne se situe pas ou nous l'imaginions au depart (le calcul de l'action): son originalite vient de sa radicalite. Elle met en cause les morales de la tradition, les anciennes comme les actuelles, toutes soumises a un examen decapant. Ainsi elles ont exalte le sage ou le heros, mais, par la, elles assuraient la domination des ruses et des plus corrompus, ceux qui ont converti leur tort en droit. Rien de plus funeste que l'admiration qu'on prodigue aux heros? Les hommes en sont venus au point d'admirer ce que la vertu doit nous apprendre a hair et a mepriser. C'est la l'un des plus affligeants temoignages de l'infirmite et de la folie humaine (Id., p. 463). Bentham n'a pas manque d'acuite: c'est ainsi qu'il voit les dangers de ses propres recommandations. S'il vole au secours du plus demuni, il ne veut pas que l'aumone favorise la passivite ou meme la paresse du receveur. Il met en garde contre ce possible devoiement. Il insiste sur les dangers de l'inoccupation. Il n'hesite pas et encourage l'Etat a decider de taches inutiles, simplement destinees a favoriser le travail (creuser des fosses qu'on bouchera peu apres). Bentham preconise donc et applique une tout autre methode, afin de definir nos obligations; il nous aide a nous decider dans les cas les plus embarrassants, sans verser pour autant dans la casuistique qu'il devait blamer. Il va jusqu'a minimiser et meme contester le role du motif dans l'accomplissement de l'acte: residu ideologique et inutile, il ne compte plus. Si de mauvais motifs produisent de bonnes actions, tant mieux pour la societe; si de bons motifs produisent des actes mauvais, tant pis. C'est a l'action, non au motif, que nous avons affaire? Le plus vicieux des hommes comme le plus vertueux ont des motifs absolument semblables (Id., p. 403). Partout, dans son texte, nous voyons Bentham moderne comme si, au lieu d'ecrire en 1814, il theorisait de nos jours. En voici un echantillon: La difficulte (celle de l'accord entre l'individuel et le social) commence la ou commence le conflit d'interets contraires, ou, ce qui est pire, d'interets irreconciliables? Il se pourrait que ce fut pour un homme une grande jouissance que de fumer, n'etait l'inconvenient qu'il occasionnerait a d'autres en les enveloppant dans la fumee de son tabac. N'est-il pas evident que la prudence extra-personnelle lui demandera le sacrifice de sa jouissance (Id., p. 413). Et en effet nous ne cessons pas de trouver dans Deontologie des remarques de la plus brulante actualite, au sujet de questions vieilles comme Herode - des questions ici abordees dans le feu, comme jamais.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9782909422985
  • Publisher: Les Belles Lettres
  • Publisher Imprint: Les Belles Lettres
  • Height: 0 mm
  • No of Pages: 480
  • Series Title: La Bibliotheque Hedoniste
  • Sub Title: Ou Science de la Morale
  • Width: 0 mm
  • ISBN-10: 2909422984
  • Publisher Date: 09 Mar 2006
  • Binding: Hardback
  • Language: French
  • Returnable: N
  • Spine Width: 0 mm
  • Weight: 750 gr


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