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Der Innenraum Hellenistischer Tempel

Der Innenraum Hellenistischer Tempel


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About the Book

English summary: Since the beginning of academic interest in Greek culture, a special focus in research has been on Greek temple buildings. Nevertheless, until well into the 2000s, their significance in Greek ritual was often categorically denied: The architecture of the temples was understood merely as a facade in front of which the central rituals at the altar took place outside the temple itself. Their interiors were simply regarded as storage places for the cult image, which remained inaccessible to a broader public. It is only since the late 1990s that this picture has been sporadically questioned in ancient studies, but always only on the basis of limited evidence. The present study is the first to compile the archaeologically verifiable functional objects from temple interiors on the one hand and the actions that have been described in written sources on the other. This interdisciplinary approach provides a solid basis for evaluating the spectrum of uses of Greek temple interiors. The underlying premise for a study of temples as a space for action is that they can be entered by a broad public as a matter of course. This thesis can be proven without a doubt by a large number of literary and epigraphic sources that have been systematically compiled here for the first time. The study shows that temple interiors were a central place for (ritual) communication with the deity. Besides prayers, this also included specific forms of sacrifice that took place parallel to and in addition to the main sacrifice at the altar. Archaeological evidence of this use can be found in the form of permanently installed sacrificial devices such as tables, thesauroi and incense burners. Temples also served as treasure rooms, places for the enjoyment and reception of art, and could be involved in sometimes complex administrative processes, especially if the temple was part of an active financial institution. However, it can also be shown that such a prominent (ritual) space was always an important place of complex social negotiation and communication processes. Contrary to common academic opinion, Greek temple interiors played a central role in the ritual and social practices of Greek culture.For an overall picture of the phenomenon of Greek temples, however, it is crucial that the balance and spatial arrangement of the individual aspects differed considerably from one temple to the next. From this it can be deduced that the temple architecture, which was strongly standardised in its basic features, was not based on a uniform concept of use. Rather, different interests and requirements were taken into account in local negotiations, which assigned each temple interior an individual character as a space for action. German description: Seit Beginn der wissenschaftlichen Beschaftigung mit der griechischen Kultur stehen griechische Tempelbauten im besonderen Fokus der Forschung. Dennoch wurde ihnen bis weit in die 2000er Jahre hinein eine Bedeutung im griechischen Ritual vielfach kategorisch abgesprochen: Die Architektur der Tempel wurde lediglich als Fassade verstanden, vor deren Hintergrund die zentralen Rituale am Altar ausserhalb des Tempels stattfanden. Ihre Innenraume galten schlicht als Aufbewahrungsort des Kultbildes, die einem grosseren Publikum verschlossen blieben. Erst seit den spaten 1990er Jahren wurde dieses Bild in den altertumskundlichen Fachern vereinzelt in Frage gestellt, aber immer nur auf der Grundlage weniger Indizien. Die vorliegende Arbeit will durch eine explizit interdisziplinare Zusammenstellung der archaologisch nachweisbaren funktionalen Objekte einerseits und der schriftlich uberlieferten Handlungszusammenhange andererseits eine tragfahige Grundlage erstellen, um das Spektrum nachweisbarer Verwendungsformen griechischer Tempelinnenraume beurteilen zu konnen. Grundlegende Pramisse fur eine Beschaftigung mit Tempeln als Handlungsraum ist ihre selbstverstandliche Betretbarkeit durch ein breites Publikum. Diese Pramisse kann mit einer grossen Anzahl, hier erstmalig systematisch zusammengestellter literarischer und epigraphischer Quellen fur viele Beispiele einwandfrei bewiesen werden. Die Arbeit kann zeigen, dass Tempelinnenraume einen zentralen Ort fur die (rituelle) Kommunikation mit der Gottheit darstellten. Diese umfasst neben Gebeten auch konkrete Opferhandlungen, die parallel und erganzend zum Hauptopfer am Altar stattfanden. Archaologisch kann diese Nutzung anhand fest installierter Opfervorrichtungen, wie Tischen, Opferstocken und Raucherstandern nachgewiesen werden. Daneben dienten Tempel als Schatzraume, Orte des Kunstgenusses und der Kunstrezeption und konnten in teils aufwandige administrativen Ablaufe eingebunden sein, gerade wenn der Tempel Teil eines aktiven Finanzinstituts war. Es kann aber auch gezeigt werden, dass ein solch hervorgehobener (ritueller) Raum immer auch ein wichtiger Ort vielschichtiger sozialer Aushandlungs- und Kommunikationsprozesse war. Entgegen der verbreiteten Forschungsmeinung spielten griechische Tempelinnenraume demnach eine zentrale Rolle in den rituellen und sozialen Praktiken griechischer Kultur. Fur das Verstandnis des Phanomens Tempel ist aber entscheidend, dass sich Gewichtung und raumliche Anordnung der einzelnen Aspekte von Tempel zu Tempel erheblich unterschieden. Daraus lasst sich erschliessen, dass der in den Grundzugen stark normierten Tempelarchitektur kein einheitliches Nutzungskonzept zu Grunde lag. Vielmehr fanden in einem lokalen Aushandlungsprozess unterschiedliche Interessen und Anforderungen Berucksichtigung, die dem einzelnen Tempelinnenraum einen jeweils individuellen Charakter als Handlungsraum zuwiesen.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9783752000092
  • Publisher: Dr Ludwig Reichert Verlag
  • Binding: Hardback
  • Returnable: N
  • Weight: 7787 gr
  • ISBN-10: 3752000090
  • Publisher Date: 02 Jun 2022
  • Language: German
  • Sub Title: Ein Ort Rituellen Und Sozialen Handelns


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Der Innenraum Hellenistischer Tempel
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