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Diodore de Sicile, Bibliotheque Historique

Diodore de Sicile, Bibliotheque Historique


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About the Book

English summary: Diodore's account contains 95 chapters and covers the years 359/8 to 336/5, which corresponds with the reign of Philip II in Macedonia. However, a large portion of the book is devoted to Sicily. Book 16, which is essential for the history of Sicily, offers the only preserved account of the reconquest of Phoenicia and Egypt by the King of the Persians, Artaxerxes III. Finally, about half the book is devoted to the affairs of Greece, in particular the Phocis war. It is understandable that, first addressing a Sicilian and Italian public, he gave an important place to Western Greece. French description: Le recit de Diodore couvre les annees 359/8 a 336/5, qui correspondent au regne de Philippe II en Macedoine. Mais une grande partie du livre est consacree a la Sicile, Diodore relatant successivement la destruction par Dion de la tyrannie etablie a Syracuse par Denys l'Ancien, puis l'intervention des Corinthiens et de leur emissaire, Timoleon, pour mettre fin au desordre general qui regnait dans l'ile depuis la mort de Dion. C'est l'occasion pour Diodore de rappeler comment Agyrion, sa patrie, fut alors refondee et peuplee de colons grecs, dont il descendait a coup sur. En veine de confidences, il signale que, a l'epoque ou il ecrivait, les Siciliens avaient recu la citoyennete romaine, ce qui implique que le livre XVI fut recrit quelques annees apres la defaite de Sextus Pompee en 36 av. J.-C. Source essentiel pour l'histoire de la Sicile, le livre XVI offre egalement le seul recit conserve de la reconquete de la Phenicie et de l'Egypte par le Roi des Perses, Artaxerxes III. On constate ainsi que, a la veille des conquetes d'Alexandre, les Perses avaient recouvre une puissance militaires compromise par les revoltes satrapiques. La moitie environ du livre est consacree aux affaires de Grece, en particulier a la guerre de Phocide, allumee par les Thebains qui, incapables d'exercer une hegemonie acquise a l'epoque de Pelopidas et d'Epaminondas, pousserent a bout les Phocidiens et les Spartiates, auxquels les Atheniens apporterent leur soutien. C'est a la faveur de cette guerre Sacree que Philippe, qui avait reussi a redresser la situation dans son royaume, intervint dans les affaires de la Grece comme pieux defenseur du dieu de Delphes. Recompense par la divinite, Philippe vole desormais de succes en succes et, vainqueur des Thebains et des Atheniens a Cheronee, il prepare une expedition en Asie Mineure. C'est alors que le Destin intervient, puisqu'il perit assassine, laissant la place a son fils Alexandre. En 95 chapitres, Diodore ne pouvait que survoler tant d'evenements importants, et il n'a retenu que ce qui pouvait encore interesser ses contemporains. Il est comprehensible que, s'adressant d'abord a un public sicilien et italien, il ait accorde une place importante a la Grece d'Occident. Il est toutefois clair que ce public temoignait toujours de l'interet pour les grands episodes de l'histoire de la peninsule balkanique et de la Grece d'Asie. On mesure ainsi le double interet de l'oeuvre de Diodore: d'un cote, nous trouvons chez cet auteur des informations tirees d'oeuvres perdues; de l'autre, nous pouvons apprecier la culture des hommes de sa generation et de son milieu: il apparait que Diodore, qui avait suivi l'enseignement des rheteurs, connaissait les oeuvres des orateurs attiques, en particulier celles de Demosthene et de Lycurgue.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9782251001005
  • Publisher: Les Belles Lettres
  • Publisher Imprint: Les Belles Lettres
  • Language: French
  • Returnable: N
  • Sub Title: Tome XII: Livre XVII
  • ISBN-10: 225100100X
  • Publisher Date: 01 Jan 1976
  • Binding: Paperback
  • No of Pages: 277
  • Series Title: French
  • Weight: 750 gr


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