Dion Cassius, Histoire Romaine Book by Dion Cassius
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Dion Cassius, Histoire Romaine

Dion Cassius, Histoire Romaine


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About the Book

Le livre 36 est le premier qui nous soit parvenu par la tradition directe, et, comme le livre 37, il comporte tres peu de lacunes, mais elles amenent a discuter deux questions, celle de la suture entre 36 et 37 et celle de la redaction originelle du recit concernant les affaires de Crete. Ces deux livres, qui couvrent les evenements des annees 69 a 60, peuvent etre qualifies de pompeiens . Ils correspondent, sur le plan exterieur, a la derniere phase de la guerre de Mithridate et a la conquete pompeienne de l'Orient grec, et, a Rome, a l'affirmation de la puissance de Pompee, et a la montee des oppositions qui vont le conduire a se rapprocher de Cesar et de Crassus pour former le premier triumvirat . Ces evenements sont connus par d'autres textes, et l'originalite de ces livres ne se trouve pas dans l'information elle-meme, quoique sur certains faits, d'ordre institutionnel notamment, elle soit sans equivalent. Nous presentons un tableau detaille des concordances avec les recits paralleles: Ciceron (discours et correspondance), Salluste (Histoires et Catilina), Plutarque (Vies de Lucullus, de Pompee, de Cesar, de Ciceron), Tite-Live (pour cette periode uniquement les Periochae), Appien (Guerre mithridatique et Guerres civiles). Cette comparaison permet d'evaluer le travail de Dion, d'analyser ses choix narratifs, de reperer des allusions litteraires et de se rendre compte des informations qu'il est le seul a donner. Bien que la trame annalistique et la distinction entre affaires interieures et affaires exterieures soient presentes, l'analyse du travail de composition montre que Dion evite l'impression d'heterogeneite en constituant des ensembles narratifs, notamment pour le recit des campagnes militaires, et en articulant evenements exterieurs et evenements de Rome. En tant qu'historien des campagnes de Lucullus et Pompee, Dion se distingue generalement de ses predecesseurs par la sobriete de son recit, mais certains passages sont tres marques par la rhetorique et la dramatisation, comme la bataille decisive livree contre Mithridate et sa mort. Les digressions (par exemple a propos du siege de Jerusalem, de l'augurium salutis ou de l'etendard du Janicule) sont en relation directe avec le cours des evenements. En outre, il fait preuve d'une certaine originalite quand il accompagne son recit de reflexions et d'enonces sentencieux. Une reflexion historique de grande ampleur est vraiment le fil conducteur. Si l'annee 69 sur laquelle s'ouvre le livre 36 est marquee par l'elargissement des conflits en Asie (Tigrane et Mithridate), le veritable tournant se produit en 67, avec le commandement extraordinaire attribue a Pompee. C'est pourquoi le vote de la loi Gabinia occupe une grande partie du livre et fait l'objet d'une redaction particulierement soignee, avec un ensemble exceptionnel de trois discours, dont l'argumentation et les aspects formels sont etudies avec precision (celui de Pompee est sans doute fictif). Ces discours soulignent le caractere decisif, selon l'historien, de cette etape du passage de la Republique au Principat et manifestent son interet pour les questions institutionnelles. De meme la conjuration de Catilina forme une part importante du livre 37, et permet a Dion de livrer une reflexion tres critique sur l'affaiblissement du Senat. La place accordee aux personnages est coherente avec la perspective d'ensemble des livres republicains: par exemple, le contraste entre l'echec de Lucullus et la reussite de Pompee anticipe sur sa domination politique future, et la presentation de Pompee, Cesar et Ciceron est concue de facon a preparer les evenements ulterieurs. Les effets de contraste et d'ironie et les comportements politiques comptent bien plus que le souci de coherence psychologique.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9782251005942
  • Publisher: Les Belles Lettres
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: French
  • Returnable: N
  • Spine Width: 23 mm
  • Weight: 476 gr
  • ISBN-10: 2251005943
  • Publisher Date: 01 Dec 2014
  • Height: 191 mm
  • No of Pages: 308
  • Series Title: French
  • Sub Title: Livres 36 & 37 (Annees 69 a 60)
  • Width: 127 mm


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