Etudes Anglaises - N1/2013 by Alexis Tadie at Bookstore UAE
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Etudes Anglaises - N1/2013

Etudes Anglaises - N1/2013


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About the Book

Jean RAIMOND: Robert Southey: an essay addict? "If I have many irons in the fire, one reason, therefore, is that there is a large pot to boil." Because he depended exclusively on his pen for his livelihood, Robert Southey found his most reliable source of income in periodical reviewing. He thus contributed to such journals as the Monthly Magazine, the Critical Review and the Annual Review before becoming, from 1809 onwards, an eminent contributor to the Quarterly Review. If that periodical owed much of its prosperity to the Laureate's unflinching support, Southey's contributions to the Tory rival of the Edinburgh Review were instrumental in increasing his reputation as one of the most effectual and controversial essayists of the Romantic age. His reviews of literary works, travel books, biographies or historical studies may not hold the twentieth-century reader's interest as his "essays, moral and political" still do. Southey's penchant for the essay is also perceptible in several works of his which are not essays in the first place, like Letters from England, the Colloquies, and The Doctor. The drudgery of reviewing and the strenuous work of documentation required were beneficial to Southey who, whenever anything distressed him, would "fly to hard employment, as many fly to the bottle." Si j'ai beaucoup de fers au feu, c'est, entre autres, parce qu'il y a une grosse marmite a faire bouillir . Parce qu'il dependait entierement de sa plume pour vivre, Robert Southey a tire le plus clair de ses revenus de sa collaboration a des revues. C'est ainsi qu'il a travaille pour le Monthly Magazine, la Critical Review et -l'Annual Review, avant de devenir, a partir de 1809, un collaborateur eminent de la Quarterly Review. Si ce periodique dut l'essentiel de son succes au soutien indefectible du Laureat, les articles ecrits par Southey dans la revue Tory rivale de l'Edinburgh Review contribuerent a accroitre sa reputation et a faire de lui l'un des essayistes les plus percutants et les plus portes sur la controverse de l'epoque romantique. Ses recensions d'oeuvres litteraires, de recits de voyages, de biographies, d'etudes historiques ne retiendront peut-etre pas l'attention du lecteur du vingtieme siecle au meme titre que ses essais moraux et politiques . Le gout marque de Southey pour l'essai transparait egalement dans plusieurs de ses ouvrages qui ne sont pas des essais a proprement parler, tels les Letters from England, les Colloquies et The Doctor. Le pensum des recensions tout comme l'ereintant et indispensable travail de documentation devaient se reveler benefiques pour Southey qui, des qu'un malheur l'affligeait, se jetait a corps perdu dans un travail de forcat comme beaucoup d'autres se jettent sur la bouteille . Mark SCHOENFIELD: Ticklers and Nic-Nacs: weekly entertainments among the Romantic periodicals Quarterly reviews such as the Edinburgh and Quarterly exploited the literary market to gain political dominance for their respective parties, while monthlies like Blackwood's claimed originality and aesthetic judgment among their domains. From the shadow of these ambitious quarterlies and monthlies emerged a genre of smaller magazines with names like The Tickler, The Nic-Nac and Saturday Night. Striving not for originality but readability, seeking an audience through entertainment and not political allegiance, these journals, filled with reprinted quips, puns, and valorization of the ordinary, developed, through an aesthetic of imitation, readership as a form of economic consumption and authorship as a technological effect of publishing. Les trimestriels comme l'Edimburgh Review et la Quarterly Review exploitaient le marche litteraire afin d'assurer une position politique dominante a leurs partis respectifs, alors que les mensuels comme Blackwood's pretendaient, dans leur domaine propre, a l'originalite et au jugement en matiere d'esthetique. A cote de ces trimestriels et mensuels de premier plan emergea un genre de magazines moins importants, par exemple, The Tickler, The Nic-Nac et le Saturday Night. Leur but n'etant pas d'etre originaux, mais d'etre lus et de seduire leur public par le divertissement et non pas le discours politique. Ces revues, regorgeant de jeux de mots et de traits d'esprit, et valorisant l'ordinaire, permirent l'essor du lectorat en tant que forme de consommation economique, et contribuerent a developper la profession d'auteur consideree comme une simple consequence technologique de la publication. Duncan WU: Hazlitt as Romantic Hazlitt's credentials as a Romantic are placed within a biographical context, beginning with the observation that the profession of essayist was not the one to which he first aspired. He resorted to journalism only when he failed to become a Unitarian minister, painter, philosopher and lecturer. It is in his arguments concerning the imagination, particularly such aspects as "gusto," "sympathy" and "genius," that justification is found for aligning him with Romantic contemporaries. His ideas are argued to have a source in the theories of Joseph Priestley, his former teacher, who was also an influence on Coleridge and Wordsworth. Yet Hazlitt's association with those precursors is argued only to be partial, for he was ahead of his time both in his atheism, and rejection of necessitarian and millenarian philosophies. Les elements permettant de considerer Hazlitt comme un romantique sont places ici dans un contexte biographique. On notera d'abord que le metier d'essayiste n'etait pas celui auquel il aspirait en premier lieu. Il n'eut recours au journalisme que lorsqu'il echoua a devenir ministre du culte unitarien, peintre, philosophe et conferencier. Ses arguments concernant l'imagination, en particulier les notions de gusto, de sympathie et de genie, justifient qu'on le range avec ses contemporains romantiques. L'argument de cet article est que l'une des sources de ses idees se trouve dans les theories de Joseph Priestley, qui fut son professeur et qui exerca egalement une influence sur Coleridge et Wordsworth. Mais on soulignera aussi que l'association de Hazlitt avec ces precurseurs n'est que partielle, dans la mesure ou il etait en avance sur son temps a la fois par son atheisme et par son rejet des philosophies necessitariennes et millenaristes. Laurent FOLLIOT: "Without the power to stir, without any determination to stay": William Hazlitt as uneasy Spectator Recent commentators have tended to locate the works of William Hazlitt within the context of a dynamic metropolitan culture. The present article attempts to identify some of the fundamental tensions in his relation to urban modernity, and in particular to its promotion of the spectacular. Aspects of Hazlitt's ambivalence include his radical revision of the polite essayistic tradition, his fascination for entertainment, high and low, as the antithesis or counterpart of literature, and his reliance on a negative gusto to pierce through the variegated "medium" of modern culture. La critique recente associe parfois l'oeuvre de William Hazlitt a l'effervescence de la culture londonienne au debut du XIXe siecle. Cet article s'efforce d'identifier quelques-unes des tensions qui caracterisent l'attitude de l'essayiste vis-a-vis de la modernite urbaine, en particulier dans sa dimension spectaculaire. Parmi les principaux aspects de cette ambivalence, on etudiera le traitement radical qu'il fait subir a la tradition addisonienne, sa fascination pour le spectacle percu comme l'antithese ou le complement de la litterature, et son recours a une forme negative de gusto contre les multiples mediatisations de la vie moderne. Marc POREE: The essay, or Charles Lamb's "proper element" The aim of this paper is to do unto Charles Lamb what the essay does to the object it purports to handle, given the latin etymology of the word (exagium): to weigh, to examine, to experience, but also to chase away, to expel and finally to scatter the work of the "insignificant" essayist who declared that prose was his "proper element." In the process, the meaning of "proper" will also be assessed, in an attempt to explore the tensions at work within a form that has no real shape, was authored by a figure who bore no proper name, and belongs to no really defined generic category. To help us draw the line between what is common to the other essayists of the period-De Quincey in particular-and what is specific to Lamb, French practitioners and historians of the genre will be enlisted (Starobinski, Barthes, Pachet, Mace). At the end of the day, Lamb will be found to have passed the test with flying colours, purple colours as a matter of fact, and not just for the satisfaction of his "most untheorizing reader." L'objectif de cet article consiste a faire a l'essayiste Charles Lamb ce que l'essai fait aux objets dont il pretend s'occuper, de par l'etymologie du mot d'origine latine (exagium) dont il procede: peser, examiner, gouter, mais aussi chasser, expulser et finalement disperser les oeuvres de l' insignifiant essayiste qui declarait que la prose etait son element propre. Ce faisant, on evaluera aussi la signification de l'adjectif propre, de maniere a eclairer les tensions existant a l'interieur d'un genre qui n'a pas de forme a soi, est l'oeuvre d'un auteur se cachant sous un nom de plume, et n'appartient a aucune categorie generique definie. Le recours a des praticiens, ainsi qu'a des historiens francais, de l'essai devrait permettre d'y voir plus clair, s'agissant cette fois de la difference entre les autres essayistes de la periode - De Quincey - en particulier, et Lamb. Au terme de la mise a l'epreuve, il devrait apparaitre que l'essayiste s'est choisi un genre a son image. Denis BONNECASE: Leigh Hunt's "peculiar intimacy" Since the publication of Louis Landre's book in 1936, French critics have shown practically no interest in Leigh Hunt's works in prose or verse. Yet, Hunt stands as a great figure of British Romanticism. He was at the centre of the political and cultural issues dominating the Regency period and the early Victorian age, devoting all his energies to the cause of Reform and contributing, in his own elegant, witty, humorous and imaginative style, to the making of what is called the familiar essay. Far from claiming to exhaust the subject, this paper emphasises a few decisive features of Hunt's style such as the "peculiar intimacy" he manages to create with his reader and the sheer enjoyment he experiences in the very act of writing. Depuis le livre de Louis Landre publie en 1936, la critique francaise s'est peu interessee a l'oeuvre en prose ou en vers de Leigh Hunt. Or, Hunt est une grande figure du Romantisme britannique. Au centre de la vie politique et culturelle de la Regence et du debut de l'ere victorienne, ce grand homme de lettres non seulement s'est engage dans le combat politique pour la Reforme, mais a egalement contribue, avec son style propre (elegant, plein d'esprit, d'humour et d'imagination), a faire s'epanouir ce que l'on appelle l'essai familier. Sans pretendre epuiser un sujet aussi vaste, on isolera ici quelques aspects de son style, qui noue avec le lecteur une intimite singuliere et laisse place au simple plaisir d'ecrire. Joanny MOULIN: Thomas Carlyle: extreme right ferment Thomas Carlyle remains a great name in the history of English letters, whose reputation has hardly ever been questioned in Britain, although it has been exposed in continental Europe and America. On reason for that may be that the United Kingdom has de facto remained unscathed politically by twentieth-century barbarism, for which this article argues that Carlyle bears a large share of responsibility in the history of ideas. Carlyle, remembered as a Romantic essayist par excellence in spite of his Goethean contempt for the Romantics, has also brought water to the mill of a tradition that views romanticism as a prelude to fascism. By revisiting Carlyle's philosophy, it is possible to show how, by a peculiar hybridization of the heritage of British Calvinism with German idealism, the "sage of Chelsea" has done much to herald and conjure up extreme-right totalitarianism in Europe, by his style as well as by his thoughts. Thomas Carlyle demeure un grand nom des lettres anglaises, dont la reputation n'a guere ete remise en question in Grande-Bretagne, bien qu'elle ait ete ecornee en Europe continentale et en Amerique. L'une des raisons a cela est sans doute que le Royaume-Uni est demeure politiquement intact de la barbarie du XXe siecle, dont cet article soutient que Carlyle porte une large part de responsabilite dans l'histoire des idees. Carlyle, considere comme un essayiste romantique par excellence bien que comme Goethe il meprisat le romantisme, a aussi apporte du grain a moudre a une tradition qui voit dans le romantisme un prelude au fascisme. En revisitant la philosophie de Carlyle, il est possible de montrer comment, par une hybridation particuliere de l'heritage calviniste britannique avec l'idealisme allemand, le sage de Chelsea a fortement contribue a annoncer et a faire advenir le totalitarisme d'extreme droite en Europe, par le style aussi bien que par les idees.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9782252038888
  • Publisher: Les Belles Lettres
  • Publisher Imprint: Klincksieck
  • Language: French
  • Returnable: N
  • Sub Title: Reconsidering Romantic Essay-Writing and Some Romantic Essayists
  • ISBN-10: 2252038888
  • Publisher Date: 20 May 2013
  • Binding: Paperback
  • No of Pages: 128
  • Series Title: Etudes Anglaises
  • Weight: 304 gr

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