Exercise in Rehabilitation Medicine

Therapists, exercise physiologists, and physicians will find Exercise in Rehabilitation Medicine, Second Edition, a highly useful reference in designing exercise rehabilitation programs for patients with various disabling illnesses and conditions. This book provides an understanding of the basic physiological adaptations to exercise and aids health professionals in properly matching a training program with the impairment, activity, activity level, and participation goal appropriate for the patient. Written by the most distinguished rehabilitation clinicians in the field, Exercise in Rehabilitation Medicine, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive approach to the use of exercise as a primary modality in the arsenal of rehabilitation specialists. Thoroughly updated, this new edition focuses on the basic sciences and clinical correlates affecting the use of exercise, and it includes new chapters on the use of exercise in patients with HIV/AIDS, end-stage renal disease, and cancer recovery. It also includes the following features: Discussion of equipment and protocols used for testing the capacity of the patient, with specific reference to strength, endurance, flexibility, and balance 12 clinical chapters, each including a case study that shows how the information applies to a specific patient, indicating the practical importance of the knowledge presented More than 200 tables, illustrations, and photos to reinforce and clarify the text Subject and citation indexes, along with extensive reference lists for each chapter, making it easy to access the information and explore subjects in greater depth. In part I, the focus is on biological considerations, including physiological responses to exercise and adaptations regarding strength, endurance, flexibility, balance, and coordination. Only by understanding these basic facts can a health professional properly match a training program with a patient. Part II details special clinical considerations, including the principles of exercise testing and exercise prescription and examining the role of exercise in preventing chronic illness. Part III discusses the rationale and clinical importance of exercise in the rehabilitation of patients with various disabling conditions, and it addresses the factors that must be weighed when prescribing exercise for these conditions. Among the diseases discussed in these 12 chapters are diseases of the heart, circulatory system, lungs, kidneys, joints, and bones and the endocrine, immune, and neuromuscular systems. Part IV includes two chapters on special populations: the elderly and elite athletes with disabilities. Exercise in Rehabilitation Medicine, Second Edition, combines theory with practical and clinical information, establishing both the “how” and “why” of exercise rehabilitation. Its clarity will help those with little technical expertise to follow it and put it to use, and its detail and advanced material will aid those who are experienced to significantly improve their understanding.

Table of Contents:
Part I: Biological Considerations Chapter 1. Acute Physiological Responses to Dynamic Exercise Roger A. Fielding, PhD; and Jonathan Bean, MD, MS Cardiorespiratory Response to Dynamic Exercise Metabolic Response During Dynamic Exercise   Acute Exercise Response in Diabetes Mellitus Cardiorespiratory Changes With Activity and Inactivity   Physiological Adjustments to Isometric Exercise Chapter 2. Adaptations to Endurance Exercise Training Martin D. Hoffman, MD Physiological Adaptations to Endurance Exercise Training   Psychological Adaptations to Endurance Exercise Training   Factors Affecting Adaptations to Endurance Exercise Training   Simultaneous Strength and Endurance Exercise Training Chapter 3. Adaptations to Strength Training Bette Ann Harris, DPT, MS; and Mary P. Watkins, DPT, MS Anatomical and Physiological Considerations   Functional Biomechanics   Factors Influencing Muscle Strength   Principles of Strength Training   Adaptations to Strength Conditioning Chapter 4. Training Flexibility Lisa S. Krivickas, MD Definition of Flexibility   Factors Influencing Flexibility   Response of Muscle to Stretch   Relationship Between Muscle Stiffness and Flexibility   Measuring and Quantifying Muscle Flexibility and Ligamentous Laxity   Relationship Between Muscle Flexibility and Injury   Relationship Between Ligamentous Laxity and Injury   Effect of Stretching on Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness   Effect of Disease Processes on Flexibility   Relationship Between Flexibility and Athletic Performance   Flexibility and Activities of Daily Living in the Elderly or Disabled   Stretching Techniques and Prescription of a Flexibility Training Program   Effect of Strength Training on Flexibility Part II: Special Clinical Considerations Chapter 5. Testing the Capacity to Exercise in Disabled Individuals: Cardiopulmonary and Neuromuscular Models James C. Agre, MD, PhD Rationale for Health Screening and Risk Stratification   Rationale for Exercise Testing   Protocols for Exercise Testing, With Examples Chapter 6. A Behavioral Approach to Prescribing Physical Activity for Health and Fitness Gregory W. Heath, DHSc, MPH Preliminary Factors Important for Exercise Prescription   General Exercise Prescription Guidelines   Theories and Models Used in Physical Activity Promotion Chapter 7. Exercise and the Prevention of Chronic Disabling Illness Carlos J. Crespo, DrPH, MS, FACSM; and Edith M. Williams, MS Definitions   Physical Activity and Fitness   Physical Activity and Health   Physical Activity and Prevention of Heart Disease   Exercise and the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Exercise and Primary Prevention of Cancer   Physical Activity and the Prevention of Osteoporosis and Falls   Exercise in the Prevention of Arthritis   Exercise in the Prevention of Low Back Pain   Physical Activity and Primary Prevention of Obesity   Physical Activity and Psychological Well-Being Part III: Exercise in the Rehabilitation of Specific Diseases and Conditions Chapter 8. Heart Diseases Ruy S. Moraes, MD, ScD; and Jorge P. Ribeiro, MD, ScD Responses and Adaptations of Cardiac Patients to Exercise   Effect of Cardiovascular Drugs on Exercise Responses and Adaptations   Evaluation of Cardiac Patients   Indications for Cardiac Rehabilitation   Contraindications for Cardiac Rehabilitation   Exercise Prescription for the Cardiac Patient   Outcomes of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs Chapter 9. Respiratory Disease Bartolome R. Celli, MD Physical Reconditioning   Respiratory Muscles and Breathing Training Chapter 10. Diabetes Mellitus Edward S. Horton, MD What Is Diabetes?   Exercise in Type 1 Diabetes   Exercise in Type 2 Diabetes Chapter 11. Major Inflammatory and Non-Inflammatory Arthritides Maura Daly Iversen, SD, DPT, MPH; Matthew H. Liang, MD, MPH; and Axel Finckh, MD, MS Rheumatoid Arthritis   Osteoarthritis   Spondylarthropathies   Systemic Lupus Erythematosus   Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis   Systemic Sclerosis   Improving Patient Adherence Chapter 12. Neuromuscular Diseases David D. Kilmer, MD; and Susan Aitkens, MS Physiologic and Functional Consequences of Neuromuscular Diseases   Causes of Reduced Neuromuscular Function in NMD   Effects of Resistance (Strengthening) Exercise in NMD   Effects of Aerobic (Endurance) Exercise in NMD   Exercise Recommendations in Neuromuscular Disorders Chapter 13. Spinal Cord Injury Mark S. Nash, PhD, FACSM Health Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury   Exercise for Persons With Spinal Cord Injury   Restoration of Function Following Long-Standing Paralysis   Exercise Risks for Persons With Spinal Cord Injury   Medications That May Influence Exercise Performance After Spinal Cord Injury Chapter 14. Stroke Joel Stein, MD Scope of the Problem   Effects of Stroke on Neuromuscular Function   Mechanisms of Motor Recovery Poststroke   Exercise for Motor Control   Strengthening Exercises   Exercise for Ataxia   Exercise for Aerobic Conditioning   Other Benefits of Exercise   Home and Community Based Exercise Chapter 15. Osteoporosis David M. Slovik, MD Mechanical Properties of Bone: Effects of Exercise   Disuse, Weightlessness, and Immobilization Physical Activity and Bone Mass   Physical Activity, Fall Prevention, and Fractures Chapter 16. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Susan D. Driscoll, MPH, MSN, ANP; and Steven Grinspoon, MD The HIV Pandemic   Exercise to Improve Physical Function in HIV-Infected Patients   Exercise to Improve Psychosocial and Quality of Life Issues in HIV   Exercise Effects on Immune Status and Lactic Acid Chapter 17. Obesity Ronenn Roubenoff, MD, MHS Health Implications of Obesity Body Composition Through the Life Cycle   Etiology of Obesity   Exercise for Treatment of Obesity   Effect of Exercise on Serum Lipoproteins and Glucose Metabolism Chapter 18. Cancer Kerry S. Courneya, PhD; Lee W. Jones, PhD; and John R. Mackey, MD What Is Cancer?   Epidemiology of Cancer   Medical Treatments for Cancer   Exercise in Cancer Survivors   Exercise Testing and Prescription Guidelines for Cancer Survivors   Exercise Motivation in Cancer Survivors   Future Research Directions Chapter 19. End-Stage Renal Disease Pelagia Koufaki, PhD; and Tom Mercer, PhD What is End-Stage Renal Disease?   Renal Replacement Therapy   Renal Transplantation   Scale and Nature of the Problem   Pathophysiology and Physical Dysfunction in End-Stage Renal Disease   Exercise Rehabilitation Aims   Feasibility and Safety of Exercise Rehabilitation Options in End-Stage Renal Disease   Exercise Prescription in End-Stage Renal Disease   Effectiveness of Exercise Rehabilitation in End-Stage Renal Disease Part IV: Specific Patient Populations Chapter 20. Aging, Function, and Exercise Jonathan F. Bean, MD, MS; and Charles T. Pu, MD The International Demographics of Aging   A Functional Perspective   Effects of Exercise on Physiologic Aging   Effect of Exercise on Function and Disability   Practical Recommendations Chapter 21. Elite Athletes With Impairments Rory A. Cooper, PhD; Michael L. Boninger, MD; Ian Rice, MS, OTR/L; Sean D. Shimada, PhD; and Rosemarie Cooper, MPT, ATP From Patient to Athlete   Organizational Structure of Sports for People With Disabilities   Sport Equipment Technology and Use   Classification   Exercise Science and the Athlete With Impairments   Training Techniques for Elite Athletes With Disabilities   Injuries Experienced by Athletes With Disabilities