Gene expression profiling and ecophysiological analyses of Populus euphratica and Populus × canescens in response to salt stress
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Gene expression profiling and ecophysiological analyses of Populus euphratica and Populus × canescens in response to salt stress

Gene expression profiling and ecophysiological analyses of Populus euphratica and Populus × canescens in response to salt stress


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About the Book

Weltweit stellt Bodenversalzung ein gravierendes Problem dar. In nahererZukunft werden Land- und Forstwirtschaft, und somit Nahrungs- undEnergieversorgung, zunehmend davon betroffen sein. Das Verstandnis vonSalztoleranzmechanismen in Pflanzen gewinnt dadurch immer mehr anWichtigkeit.Der Fokus dieser Arbeit liegt auf der Erforschung der Funktionsweise vonSalztoleranzmechanismen in Baumen. Als Studienobjekte wurden zwei Artender Gattung Populus herangezogen, P. euphratica und P × canescens. Bei P.euphratica handelt es sich um eine Pappelart, die fur ihre Fahigkeit bekannt ist,Salzstress weit besser als die meisten anderen Pappelarten zu tolerieren,darunter die Graupappel P. × canescens. Um zu ermitteln, welche EffekteSalzstress auf die zwei Pappelarten hat, wurden Transcription Profiling,Metabolom Analysen sowie anatomische und physiologische Messungendurchgefuhrt.Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, 1) die Entwicklung des Xylemsbeider Arten unter Langzeitsalzstress zu vergleichen, 2) die molekulareAnpassung von P. euphratica zur Vermeidung von Salzstress zu untersuchen,und 3) Informationen uber praventive Strategien durch den Vergleich von P.euphratica und P. × canescens mittels Expressions- und Metabolomanalysen zuerhalten.Unter Langzeitsalzstress war das Wachstum beider Pappelartenverlangsamt. Die Holzanatomie war allerdings nur in P. × canescens betroffen,wobei eine Abnahme der Gefaßdurchmesser und eine Zunahme derGefaßwandstarken beobachtet wurde. Diese Unterschiede konnten daraufzuruckgefuhrt werden, dass die Salzaufnahme in P. euphratica wesentlichgeringer war. Folglich traten salzinduzierte Umstrukturierungen desTranskriptoms nur in P. × canescens auf. Die Gene, die in P. × canescens unterSalzstress starker exprimiert wurden, stehen besonders mit der Erzeugung vonAntioxidantien, der Entgiftung von Substanzen, die durch oxidative Schadenerzeugt wurden, und Phytohormon-gesteuerten Signalen in Zusammenhang.Nennenswert waren außerdem 11 verschiedene, mutmaßlich die Holzanatomiebeeinflussende Fasciclin-ahnliche Arabinogalactane (fascilin-likearabinogalactans, FLAs), die derselben Untergruppe angehorten und derenExpression in P. × canescens unter Salzstress zuruckging; zwei dieser FLAszeigten ebenfalls in P. euphratica reduzierte Expression.Daraus folgt, dass die Reaktion von Populus auf internen Salzstress inzwei unterschiedliche Komponenten gegliedert ist. Einerseits wird durch dieanatomische Umstrukturierung den osmotischen Effekten entgegengewirkt,andererseits werden die toxischen Auswirkungen der erhohtenSalzkonzentration vermindert. Die meisten dieser Maßnahmen werden in P.euphratica auf Grund der Fahigkeit, die Salzkonzentration im Inneren derPflanze niedrig zu halten, nicht benotigt. Die teilweise Ubereinstimmung derRegulation der FLA-Gene deutet jedoch darauf hin, dass die Reaktion aufSalzstress in P. euphratica grundsatzlich ahnlich ablauft.Wie bereits fruher gezeigt, resultierte langfristige Salzexposition von P.euphratica in der Ausbildung von verdickten Wurzeln (cob roots). Hier wurdeerstmals gepruft, welche transkriptionellen Veranderungen mit diesermorphologischen Veranderung einhergingen.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9783869557106
  • Publisher: Na
  • ISBN-10: 3869557109


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Gene expression profiling and ecophysiological analyses of Populus euphratica and Populus × canescens in response to salt stress
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