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Griechischen Saulenbasen

Griechischen Saulenbasen


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English summary: The subject of the present study is the Greek column base - the foot of the Ionian column, whose architectural shape evolved from the early first millenium B.C. up to the late Hellenistic era. The column bases of about 460 different Greek monuments from (proto)geometric to late Hellenistic times - spanning a period of more than 900 years - in the Greek home territory and on the Peloponnese, the Greek islands and in Asia minor, as well as examples from Greek colonies in southern Italy and Sicily, the Black Sea region and the Nile Delta, are covered. Landmarks of Hellenistic cantral and southern Italian, Ptolemaic and Punic architecture with Greek column bases were also included in the study, as well as some isolated remnants of the Hellenistic world's Eastern periphery. Twelve different types of Greek column bases, some variants and modifications and a few special forms can be distinguished and, in part, classified in a new way. The different forms were studied for their distribution, choice of materials, combination with forms of columns and building styles, forms, fluting or decoration, proprotions, dating, origin, derivation, stone carving and technique; the results are summarised in a synopsis spanning all the different forms. The analysis of the column bases shows, among other things, that the foot of the Ionian or Corinthian column, in contrast to the shaft and the capital, provided room for creative design, and the various individually formed types of column base with a particular area of distribution were apparently used as a characteristic form of expression for local architectural traditions. This is shown, for example, in the use of exotic Asia Minor column bases on monuments in temples with more than regional importance, such as the treasure houses of Clazonenae and Massalia, the Athenians' Hall in Delphi or the Ptolemies' votive offering in Olypmpia, which point to the origin of the founders, a place of military conflict or the home of the recipient. The conscious readoption of the Ionian-Carian tradition of the archaic Ephesian column bases in late classical buildings of the Carian Hecatomnidean dynasty in Labraunda and Halicarnassus after an interruption of roughly a century during the co-called Ionian remaissance also illustrates this. The new designs of column bases at the temple of Nike on the Athenian Acropolis and the temple of Apollo in Bassai-Phigalia in the second half of the 5th century, which are influenced by the Ionian column bases, being independent Attic or Peloponnesian types of bases, are also motivated by the need to assimilate the Ionian column as received in Attica and on the Peloponnese using individual local base types. German description: Gegenstand der vorliegenden Untersuchung ist die griechische Saulenbasis - der Fuss der ionischen Saule, der ab dem fruhen ersten Jahrtausend v. Chr. bis in spathellenistische Zeit architektonisch gestaltet wird. Die Untersuchung der griechischen Saulenbasen zeigt, dass der Fuss der ionischen bzw. korinthischen Saule im Gegensatz zu Saulenschaft und Kapitell einen gestalterischen Spielraum bot, und die verschiedenen individuell ausgebildeten Saulenbasistypen, die eine spezifische Verbreitung aufweisen, offensichtlich als charakteristisches Ausdrucksmittel lokaler Architekturtraditionen eingesetzt wurden. Besonders augenfallig wird dies z. B. an der Verwendung fremdartiger kleinasiatischer Saulenbasen an Denkmalern in uberregional bedeutenden Heiligtumern, wie z. B. an den Schatzhausern von Klazomenai und Massalia und der Athener-Halle in Delphi sowie dem Ptolemaer-Weihgeschenk in Olympia, die auf die Herkunft bzw. ursprungliche Herkunft der Stifter, den Ort einer kriegerischen Auseinandersetzung oder die Heimat des Adressaten verwiesen. Die an die dreigliedrige Form des Peloponnesischen Typus B anknupfenden sog. Tarentiner Basen demonstrierten in der Magna Graecia offenbar die peloponnesische Herkunft der Kolonisten. Das bewusste Wiederaufnehmen der ionisch-karischen Tradition der archaischen ephesischen Saulenbasen nach etwa einhundertjahriger Unterbrechung in der sog. Ionischen Renaissance an den spatklassischen Bauten der karischen Hekatomniden in Labraunda und Halikarnassos verdeutlicht dies ebenfalls. Auch die von ionischen Saulenbasen abhangigen Neuschopfungen von Saulenbasen am Nike-Tempel der Athener Akropolis sowie am Apollon-Tempel in Bassai-Phigalia in der zweiten Halfte des 5. Jahrhunderts - als jeweils eigenstandige attische bzw. peloponnesische Basistypen - sind motiviert durch das Bedurfnis, sich die in Attika und auf der Peloponnes neu rezipierte ionische Saule anhand einer individuellen lokalen Basisform zu Eigen zu machen. Erfasst wurden die Saulenbasen von etwa vierhundertsechzig verschiedenen griechischen Baudenkmalern (proto)geometrischer bis spathellenistischer Zeit - aus einem Zeitraum von mehr als neun Jahrhunderten - im griechischen Stammland und auf der Peloponnes, auf den griechischen Inseln und in Kleinasien sowie exemplarisch in den griechischen Kolonien in Unteritalien und Sizilien, im Schwarzmeergebiet und im Nildelta. Auch Denkmaler der hellenistischen mittel- und unteritalischen, ptolemaischen sowie punischen Architektur mit griechischen Saulenbasen werden in die Untersuchung einbezogen sowie vereinzelt architektonische Zeugnisse der ostlichen Peripherie der hellenistischen Welt.
About the Author: Contributor Biography - English Dr Uta Dirschedl (*1968)Studied classical archaelogy, art history and ancient history at the University of Regensburg (and Wurzburg)2003 Ph.D., supervised by Prof. Burkhardt Wesenberg at the Chair for Classical Archaeology at the University of Regensburg, with her dissertation "Typology of Greek Column Bases"2003/2004 Wulfing travel grant of the German Archaeological Institute (DAI)2004/2005 Advanced training grant of the DAI2005-2013 Academic consultant/head of the schloars' archive at the DAI's main office in BerlinResearch projects: 2003-2013 "The archaic temple of Apollo (temple II) in Didyma" since 2011 with Dr Andreas Oettel "The city walls of Lissus/Lezha in Albania" Contributor Biography - German Dr. Uta Dirschedl (*1968)Studium der Klassischen Archaologie, Kunstgeschichte und Alten Geschichte an der Universitat Regensburg (und Wurzburg)2003 Promotion bei Prof. Burkhardt Wesenberg am Lehrstuhl fur Klassische Archaologie der Universitat Regensburg mit der Arbeit Typologie der griechischen Saulenbasen2003/2004 Wulfing-Reisestipendium des Deutschen Archaologischen Instituts (DAI)2004/2005 Fortbildungsstipendium des DAI2005-2013 Wissenschaftliche Referentin/Leiterin des Gelehrtenarchivs der Zentrale des DAI in BerlinForschungsprojekte: 2003-2013 Der archaische Apollontempel (Tempel II) in Didyma - seit 2011 zusammen mit Dr. Andreas Oettel Die Stadtmauern von Lissos/Lezha in Albanien


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9783895009501
  • Publisher: Dr Ludwig Reichert
  • Binding: Hardback
  • Language: German
  • Returnable: N
  • Spine Width: 41 mm
  • Width: 213 mm
  • ISBN-10: 3895009504
  • Publisher Date: 31 Oct 2013
  • Height: 310 mm
  • No of Pages: 652
  • Series Title: Archaologische Forschungen
  • Weight: 2428 gr


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