Handbook of Loss Prevention Engineering, 2 Volume Set

Loss prevention engineering describes all activities intended to help organizations in any industry to prevent loss, whether it be through injury, fire, explosion, toxic release, natural disaster, terrorism or other security threats. Compared to process safety, which only focusses on preventing loss in the process industry, this is a much broader field. Here is the only one-stop source for loss prevention principles, policies, practices, programs and methodology presented from an engineering vantage point. As such, this handbook discusses the engineering needs for manufacturing, construction, mining, defense, health care, transportation and quantification, covering the topics to a depth that allows for their functional use while providing additional references should more information be required. The reference nature of the book allows any engineers or other professionals in charge of safety concerns to find the information needed to complete their analysis, project, process, or design.

Table of Contents:
Contents to Volume 1 PREFACE PART I: Engineering Management for Loss Prevention Engineering MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS - LOSS PREVENTION ENGINEERING PROGRAMS ANDPOLICY Introduction - Understanding the Need for Management Systems Management Systems - Definitions Loss Prevention Engineering - Considerations Management Systems - Loss Prevention Engineering RESOURCE ALLOCATION AND EFFECTIVENESS MEASURES FOR LOSS PREVENTION Introduction What Is Loss Prevention/Safety and Health Intervention? Historical Perspective of Resource Allocation for Loss Prevention Loss Prevention/Safety and Health Intervention Effectiveness Evaluation Importance of Multiple Factors in Loss Prevention Research Methodology in Resource Allocation for Loss Prevention Experimental Method Analysis and Results Conclusion ENGINEERING SYSTEMS AND ENGINEERING ECONOMICS OF LOSS PREVENTION Introduction Cost of Injuries Return on Investment Versus Cost Savings Versus Productivity Savings Engineering Economics Engineering Economic Decision-Making Net Present Value Comparison (Equipment Replacement) Payback Period Comparison Financial Considerations of a Loss Prevention Engineering Project Conclusion SAFETY MANAGEMENT AND CULTURE What Is Organizational Culture? How Does Culture Form? Why Is It Good Business to Improve Your Company's Culture? Measuring Culture How to Bring About Changes in Culture LEADERSHIP AND LOSS PREVENTION ENGINEERING: CREATING CONDITIONS TO GET BEYOND COMPLIANCE TO HIGH PERFORMANCE Introduction Management Theories Moving Beyond Mechanistic Management Humanistic Organizations Case Studies of Humanistic Management PART II: Design and Analysis of Protective Systems - General Loss Prevention Engineering GENERAL LOSS PREVENTION ENGINEERING PROGRAMS - INCLUDING FIRE LOSS CONTROL Background Introduction Elements of a Fire Loss Control Program Fire Prevention Controls PERMIT-TO-WORK SYSTEMS Introduction The Permit-to-Work Process Regulations and Standards Hot Work Confined Space Live Line Electrical Work EXCAVATION AND TRENCHING Introduction Hazard Identification and Federal OSHA Regulation Soil Types Basic Soil Mechanics Theory Testing and Soil Classification Systems Protective Systems MACHINE SAFEGUARDING Introduction Regulations and Standards Machine Motion Hazards Human Factor Aspects of Machine Guarding Machine Safeguarding Methodology Basic Machine Guarding Principles Types of Machine Safeguarding Machine Controls Responsibilities of the Machine Builder Mechanical Power Presses Power Press Brakes Conveyors Roll-Forming and Roll-Bending Machines Shearing Machines Laser Machining Robots Conclusion BOILERS AND PRESSURE VESSELS: A BRIEF LOOK AT GENERAL SAFEGUARDS Water Safeguards Codes, Regulations, and Training Types of Boilers Operating Considerations Boiler Feed Water Chemical Handling Steam Special Considerations for Pressure Vessels Fire Detection and Control Incident Investigation Closing Thoughts WELDING AND CUTTING Introduction Basic Equipment for Welding Comfortably and Safely The Welding Process Cutting Conclusion POWER TOOLS Introduction Guards Safety Switches Electric Tools Powered Abrasive Wheel Tools Liquid Fuel Tools Pneumatic Tools Hydraulic Power Tools Conclusion PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT Introduction General Selection Types Conclusion POWERED INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS Introduction Lift Truck Accident Prevention: An Integrated Approach Fork Truck Safety Observations Making Safety Observations Loading Dock Safety Whole Body Vibration Administrative Controls for Lift Truck Operator Strains and Sprain Prevention Rack and Overhead Storage and Industrial Lift Truck Operations Carbon Monoxide and Dilution Ventilation MVR Program and Physical Requirements Case Studies Using Acceptable Safety Tolerances in Defining Preventive Maintenance Industrial Lift Truck Accident Costs Conclusions and Establishing Safe Behavior Observation Management Programs PART III: Ergonomics and Human Factors Engineering BIOMECHANICS AND PHYSICAL ERGONOMICS Introduction Biomechanics Applications of Biomechanics in Ergonomics Conclusion HUMAN FACTORS AND COGNITIVE ENGINEERING Introduction Models of Human Cognition Applications to Process Engineering and Surface Transportation Conclusions VIRTUAL WORKING ENVIRONMENT Methodological Assumptions Elements of the Virtual Working Environment Structure Engineering Approach to Loss Prevention Within the Life-Cycle of Technical Means Methods and Tools Supporting the Creation of Elements of a Virtual Working Environment Human Body Modeling Anthropomorphic Test Dummies Multi-Body Models of ATDs Multi-Body Human Models Finite Element Models of ATDs Finite Element Human Models Digital Human Models Modeling of Phenomena Conclusion SHAPING OF WORKING CONDITIONS USING ICT TECHNOLOGY Working Environment Information and Communication Technologies Computer-Aided Shaping of Working Conditions Shaping of Work Organization Using ICT Conclusion SAFETY-ORIENTED VIRTUAL PROTOTYPING OF MINING MECHANICAL SYSTEMS Introduction Introduction to Polish Underground Coal Mine Working Conditions Introduction to Technical Hazards Graphical Methods of Technical Hazards Assessment in Underground Mechanical Systems Virtual Prototyping of FOPS Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Analyses in Virtual Prototyping of Mining Machines Conclusion Contents to Volume 2 PART IV: Process Safety Management and System Safety Engineering PROCESS SAFETY REGULATIONS AROUND THE WORLD Introduction Process Safety - Drivers Differences and Commonalities Non-Regulatory Approaches Lessons Learned Evolving Field General Duty Proposed Changes to Regulations Summary Future of Process Safety ANALYTICAL METHODS IN PROCESS SAFETY MANAGEMENT AND SYSTEM SAFETY ENGINEERING - PROCESS HAZARD ANALYSIS Introduction Overview of PHA PHA and Decision-Making Stages and Steps in PHA PHA Project Initiation Hazard Identification Selecting a PHA Method Defining the Purpose, Scope, and Objectives of the Study Selecting a Team Collecting and Preparing Reference Information and Data Estimating the Effort Involved and Scheduling Study Sessions Briefing/Training Team Members Arranging Required Facilities Other Items Subdividing the Process Performing an Inherent Safety Review First Session Recording PHA Studies Making Worksheet Entries Special Topics Revalidation Report Preparation Follow-up SAFETY INSTRUMENTED SYSTEMS Introduction Fundamentals Planning and Management Analysis Phase Realization Phase Operation Phase Conclusion ANALYTICAL METHODS IN PROCESS SAFETY MANAGEMENT AND SYSTEM SAFETY ENGINEERING - LAYERS OF PROTECTION ANALYSIS Introduction Overview of LOPA Scenario Risk Risk Tolerance Criteria Stages and Steps in LOPA Initiating a Project Preparing for LOPA Preparing for a Study Conducting a Study Limitations, Cautions, and Pitfalls CHEMICAL REACTION SAFETY Introduction Chemical Reaction Hazards Identifying Reaction Hazards Determine the Worst-Case Consequences Assessing Chemical Reaction Risks Identifying Process Controls Basis of Safety Selection Conclusion APPLICATION OF SYSTEMS ENGINEERING TO SAFETY AND RISK MANAGEMENT: A HUMAN - SYSTEMS INTEGRATION PERSPECTIVE Systems Engineering Human - Systems Integration Systems Modeling Language Human - Systems Integration Model Domains MANAGEMENT OF CHANGE Introduction What Is Management of Change (MOC)? Why Is MOC Important Developing a Formal MOC Program Executing the Change Scalable MOC Pitfalls to Avoid Success Stories Conclusion Tools and Resources Accreditation Groups THE IMPORTANCE OF FOSTERING A STRONG INDUSTRIAL SAFETY CULTURE AND CHANGE MANAGEMENT Introduction Process Description Site Leadership Team Industrial Safety Culture Review Change Management Conclusion CONTRACTOR SAFETY MANAGEMENT Introduction Contractor Management The Score: Questionnaires and Contractor Ranking Systems Summary and Conclusion EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE SECURITY AND TERRORISM Security and Terrorism The Oklahoma City Bombing The 9/11 Attacks Lessons Learned from the Oklahoma City Bombing and 9/11 Bioterrorism Cyber Terrorism Conclusion PART V: Occupational Health and Environmental Engineering CONTROL OF CHEMICAL HAZARDS Introduction Considerations Control Methods Conclusion CONTROL OF PHYSICAL HAZARDS Introduction Considerations Control Methods Conclusion CONTROL OF AIR POLLUTION Introduction History of Air Pollution Regulations Benefits of the Clean Air Act and Amendments (CAAA) from 1990 to 2020 Atmospheric Factors Air Pollution Types, Sources, and Effects Indoor Air Quality Air Pollution Control Best Practices and Solutions Conclusion HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT AND ENGINEERING Introduction Impact of Hazardous Waste Hazardous Waste Regulation Hazardous Waste Management Strategies Hazardous Waste Treatment Hazardous Waste Minimization Hazardous Waste Remediation Hazardous Waste Technologies Life-Cycle Assessment Conclusion PART VI: Incident Investigation and Root Cause Analysis Methodology and Management HOW TO CONDUCT EFFECTIVE INCIDENT INVESTIGATIONS Introduction What Is the Purpose of the Investigation? Why Investigations Fail The Basic Investigation Process Investigation Resource Requirements Using Teams to Conduct Investigations Sources of Evidence Minimizing the Erosion of Evidence Finding the Root Causes of Incidents and Problems How to Develop Effective Corrective Actions Tips for Improving an Investigation Process Conclusion INCIDENT INVESTIGATIONS - LESSONS LEARNED - DEVELOPMENT AND COMMUNICATIONS Introduction Internal Lessons Distribution External Lessons Collection of Data Dissemination of Data Industry and Discipline Participation Regulatory Actions and Changes Suppliers In Review Case Study - Lessons Learned MANAGING RECORDS, INVESTIGATION AND RECOMMENDATION MANAGEMENT AND CLOSURE Introduction Reporting Storage and Protection Retention Confidentiality Legal Issues Regulatory Considerations Types of Records Recommendation Management and Closure Escalation Corrective Actions Implementation, Verification, and Validation In Review PART VII: Fire Protection Engineering FIRE DYNAMICS Overview Part A: Qualitative Description of Fire Dynamics Part B: Predictive Methods FIRE PREVENTION AND PROTECTION Introduction Basic Principles Design Basics Practical Design Considerations Oil and Gas Facilities Natural Gas Vehicle Fueling Stations Hazard Versus Risk Practical Operations Considerations Floating Roof Tank Operation Considerations Investigating and Reporting on Fire Losses Fire Reporting Example Root Cause Analysis Report of Fire Fire Suppression Equipment Roles and Responsibilities Conclusion THE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING OF EXPLOSIONS Introduction Fundamentals of Explosions Types of Explosions Combustion and Chemistry of Explosions Ignition Blast Damage Due to Over-Pressurization Blast Fragment Missile Damage Evolution of Flammable Material Dispersion and Possible Ignition of Released Material Plume Distribution Calculations Puff Distribution Calculations Conclusion INDEX