Ikhwanul Muslimin Latar Belakang Kemunculan
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Ikhwanul Muslimin Latar Belakang Kemunculan

Ikhwanul Muslimin Latar Belakang Kemunculan


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About the Book

Ikhwanul Muslimin didirikan pada tahun 1928 oleh Hasan al-Banna, saat itu seorang guru sekolah dasar di Ismailia, ketika Mesir berada di bawah pemerintahan kolonial Inggris. - Kemunculan Ikhwanul Muslimin adalah hasil gabungan dari transformasi sosial, demografi, urban, ekonomi, dan sosial yang dialami oleh Mesir selama sepertiga awal abad kedua puluh. Mereka membentuk kekuatan pendorong untuk memunculkan banyak gerakan-gerakan sosial dan keagamaan yang berusaha untuk mengubah kondisi tersebut, terlebih dengan kegagalan elit penguasa dalam mencari solusi yang efektif atas isu-isu di masyarakat saat itu. - Ikhwanul Muslimin berhasil menggunakan keadaan sosial, ekonomi, dan politik yang dialami Mesir pada sepertiga awal abad kedua puluh untuk membangun dukungan dari masyarakat elaskelas terpinggirkan dan miskin, yang mempercayai gagasan dan pendirian mereka. - Situasi ekonomi yang buruk, tidak adanya keadilan sosial, dan adanya stratifikasi serta ketimpangan sosial tercermin dalam situasi sosial mayoritas masyarakat Mesir, yang mengalami marginalisasi dan kemiskinan selama sepertiga awal abad kedua puluh. Suasana ini membuka jalan bagi kemunculan Ikhwanul Muslimin. - Penyebaran gerakan misionaris selama sepertiga awal abad ke-20 ini adalah salah satu alasan dibalik kemunculan Ikhwanul Muslimin. Hasan al-Banna, pendirinya, memanfaatkan hal ini dengan memosisikan dirinya sebagai lawan dari pergerakan-pergerakan tersebut. - Pendidikan adalah salah satu titik masuk terpenting dalam visi berbasis perubahan Hasan al-Banna dan organisasinya. Mereka sangat mengutamakan bidang pendidikan, sering kali menuntut perbaikan kondisi pendidikan yang memburuk di Mesir yang saat itu di bawah pendudukan Inggris. Pendidikan masih dan tetap menjadi sarana yang paling diminati oleh Ikhwanul Muslimin untuk menyebarkan gagasan dan ideologi mereka. - Konteks historis tempat munculnya Ikhwanul Muslimin ini ditandai dengan intensnya aktivitas intelektual, politik, dan kolektif yang terwujud dalam konflik antara berbagai aliran mengenai isuisu identitas dan modernisasi, watak rezim, dan proses perkembangan. Arus modernisme, dengan gagasan dan visinya yang terbuka pada dunia Barat, adalah faktor kuat dalam kemunculan kelompok-kelompok keagamaan yang menentang tren ini, dan menawarkan visi Islam alternatif yang dikaitkan dengan tujuan politik. - Sumber dari visi dan gagasan yang diadopsi oleh Ikhwanul Muslimin didasarkan pada ideologi lama, seperti: Ideologi Khawarij dan Ibnu Taimiyah, dan ideologi-ideologi baru yang terutama berfokus pada pelopor Renaisans Islam, seperti: Jamaluddin al-Afghani, Muhammad Abduh, Muhammad Rasyid Ridha, dan Abul A'la al-Maududi. - Sejak pembentukannya, Ikhwanul Muslimin terorganisir dalam struktur hierarki administrasi yang ketat, terdiri dari; sel, unit administrasi dan regional, dan lembaga pusat. Satu di antaranya membentuk sayap militer yang disebut "Aparat Rahasia". Ikhwanul Muslimin mendapatkan jaringan sosial, aktivitas dan proyek pendidikan dan ekonomi, beserta dengan program pendidikan untuk anggota baru yang mengandalkan kedisiplinan dan saling ketergantungan. Aparat pusat rahasia dan hierarki ini masih ada hingga kini


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9789948874157
  • Publisher: Wanli Online Publishing Solutions Fze LLC
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: Indonesian
  • Returnable: N
  • Weight: 485 gr
  • ISBN-10: 9948874153
  • Publisher Date: 17 May 2020
  • Height: 210 mm
  • No of Pages: 366
  • Spine Width: 19 mm
  • Width: 148 mm


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