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Innovation in der Evolutionsökonomik

Innovation in der Evolutionsökonomik


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About the Book

Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2017 im Fachbereich VWL - Innovationsökonomik, Note: 1,7, Hochschule Pforzheim, Veranstaltung: Wirtschaftspolitisches Seminar, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Die Neoklassik und andere orthodoxe Schulen haben die wirtschaftliche Bedeutung von technologischem Fortschritt erkannt. Der Nobelpreisträgers Robert M. Solow lieferte hierzu eines der bekanntesten Modelle. Er fand heraus, dass die Zunahme des Produktivitätswachstums in den USA zwischen 1909-1949 nur zu 12,5 % auf der Zunahme der Kapitalproduktivität beruht, aber zu 87,5 % auf technischem Fortschritt und bessere Ausbildung der Arbeitskräfte. Das Problem der Neoklassik und anderen stationären Wirtschaftstheorien ist allerdings, dass sie den technischen Fortschritt nicht erklären können, denn die Annahmen von vollkommener Markttransparenz in der alle Akteure zu jedem Zeitpunkt denselben Informationsstand besitzen und die Annahme der Existenz von ausschließlich homogenen Gütern, führt dazu, dass die Akteure keine Möglichkeit besitzen Wettbewerbsvorteile zu erzielen. Hierdurch können durch Innovationen verursachte Gleichgewichtsänderungen, nicht erklärt werden. Trotz ihrer wirtschaftlichen Relevanz werden Innovationen in stationären Modellen als exogene Größen angenommen. Aufgrund dessen, versuchte die österreichische Schule, welche maßgeblich durch Joseph A. Schumpeter geprägt wurde, einen evolutorischen Ansatz zur Erklärung von technologischen Fortschritten zu finden. Die Grundannahmen dieser Innovationstheorien unterscheiden sich von klassischen Modellen in ihren Annahmen des exogenen Wandels, der sich entwickelnden Prozesse, der heterogenen Akteure und deren beschränkte Rationalität. Die Neoklassik beschreibt den Gleichgewichtszustand genau, aber weniger wie es zu diesem kommt. Umgekehrt beschreiben die evolutorischen Ansätze wie diese Zustände entstehen und weniger wodurch sich diese auszeichnen. Hierdurch entsteht ein dynamischer Ansatz welcher durch das Adjektiv "evolutorisch" beton


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9783668928268
  • Publisher: Bod Third Party Titles
  • Publisher Imprint: Grin Verlag
  • Height: 210 mm
  • No of Pages: 36
  • Spine Width: 2 mm
  • Width: 148 mm
  • ISBN-10: 3668928266
  • Publisher Date: 18 Apr 2019
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: German
  • Returnable: N
  • Weight: 109 gr


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