This edited book has been designed to serve as a natural resources engineering reference book as well as a supplemental textbook. This volume is part of the Handbook of Environmental Engineering series, an incredible collection of methodologies that study the effects of resources and wastes in their three basic forms: gas, solid, and liquid. It complements two other books in the series including "Natural Resources and Control Processes" and "Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering". Together they serve as a basis for advanced study or specialized investigation of the theory and analysis of various natural resources systems.

The purpose of this book is to thoroughly prepare the reader for understanding the topics of global warming, climate change, glacier melting, salmon protection, village-driven latrines, engineers without borders (USA), surface water quality analysis, electrical and electronic wastes treatment, water quality control, tidal rivers and estuaries, geographic information systems, remote sensing applications, water losses investigations, wet infrastructure, lake restoration, acidic water control, biohydrogen production, mixed culture dark anaerobic fermentation, industrial waste recycle, agricultural waste recycle, recycled adsorbents, heavy metals removal, magnetic technology, recycled biohydrogen materials, lignocellulosic biomass, extremely halotolerant bacterial communities, salt pan and salt damaged soil. The chapters provide information on some of the most innovative and ground-breaking advances in resources conversation, protection, recycling, and reuse from a panel of esteemed experts.

Lawrence K. Wang has more than 28 years of experience in facility design, environmental sustainability, natural resources, resources recovery, global pollution control, construction, plant operation, and management. He has expertise in water supply, air pollution control, solid waste disposal, water resources, waste treatment, and hazardous waste management. He is a retired dean/director/VP of the Lenox Institute of Water Technology, Krofta Engineering Corporation, and Zorex Corporation, respectively, in the USA. Dr. Wang is the author of over 700 papers and 45 books, and is credited with 24 U.S. patents and 5 foreign patents. He received his BSCE from National Cheng-Kung University, Taiwan, ROC, his two MS degrees from the Missouri University of Science and Technology and the University of Rhode Island, USA, and his PhD degree from Rutgers University, USA. Currently he is the Chief Series Editor of the Advances in Industrial and Hazardous Wastes Treatmentseries (CRC Press of Taylor & Francis Group), the Handbook of Environmental Engineering series (Springer), the Evolutionary Progress in Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics series (Lenox Institute Press), and the Environmental Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics series (Lenox Institute Press). He is also the Coeditor of the Handbook of Environment and Waste Management series (World Scientific), and the coauthor of the Water and Wastewater Engineering series (John Wiley).

Mu-Hao Sung Wang has been an engineer, an editor and a professor serving private firms, governments, and universities in the USA and Taiwan for over 25 years. She is a licensed Professional Engineer, and a Diplomate of American Academy of Environmental Engineers. Her publications have been in the areas of water quality, modeling, environmental sustainability, waste management, NPDES, flotation, and analytical methods. Dr. Wang is the author of over 50 publications and an inventor of 14 US and foreign patents. She received her BSCE from National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, ROC, her MSCE from the University of Rhode Island, USA, and her PhD from Rutgers University, USA. She is the Co-Series Editor of the Handbook of Environmental Engineering series (Springer), and the Coeditor of the Environmental Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics series (Lenox Institute Press). She is a member of AWWA, NEWWA, WEF and OCEESA.

Yung-Tse Hung has been a professor of civil engineering at Cleveland State University since 1981. He is a Fellow of the American Society of Civil Engineers, and has taught at 16 universities in 8 countries. His research interests and publications have been involved with biological processes, and industrial waste treatment. Dr. Hung is credited with over 470 publications and presentations on water and wastewater treatment. He received his BSCE and MSCE from National Cheng-Kung University, Taiwan, and his PhD from the University of Texas at Austin, USA. He is the editor of International Journal of Environment and Waste Management, International Journal of Environmental Engineering, and International Journal of Environmental Engineering Science.

Nazih K. Shammas was an environmental consultant and professor for over 45 years. He was an ex-dean/director of the Lenox Institute of Water Technology, and an advisor to Krofta Engineering Corporation, USA. Dr. Shammas was the author of over 250 publications and 16 books in the field of environmental engineering. He had experience in environmental planning, curriculum development, teaching, scholarly research, and expertise in water quality control, wastewater reclamation and reuse, physicochemical and biological processes and water and wastewater systems. He received his BE degree from the American University of Beirut, Lebanon, his MS from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and his PhD from the University of Michigan, USA. Currently he was the Co-Editor of the Advances in Industrial and Hazardous Wastes Treatment series (CRC Press of Taylor & Francis Group), the Handbook of Environmental Engineeringseries (Springer), the Environmental Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics series (Lenox Institute Press), and the Handbook of Environment and Waste Management series (World Scientific). In addition Dr. Shammas was the coauthor of the Water and Wastewater Engineering series (John Wiley).