Preface
1 Materials based solutions to advanced energy systems
Abstract
1.1 Advanced energy technology and contemporary issues
1.1.1 Challenges and concerns
1.1.2 The role of the advanced materials
1.1.3 Solutions for future energy systems
1.2 Fundamentals of energy systems
1.2.1 Energy and service
1.2.2 Energy process characterization
1.2.2.1 The laws of thermodynamics
1.2.2.2 Macroscopic and microscopic energy systems
1.2.2.3 Entropy and enthalpy
1.2.2.4 Chemical kinetics
1.2.2.5 Energy availability
1.2.3 Energy calculations and accounting
1.2.3.1 Energy efficiency
1.2.3.2 Heating values
1.2.4 General energy devices
1.2.4.1 Conversion devices
1.2.4.2 Energy storage
1.2.4.3 Systems engineering
1.2.4.4 Electricity
1.2.5 Sustainable energy 1.3 Materials development for advanced energy systems
1.3.1 Functional surface technologies
1.3.2 Materials integration in sustainable energy systems
1.3.3 Higher-performance materials
1.3.4 Sustainable manufacturing of materials
1.3.5 Materials and process development acceleration tools
1.4 Summary
Reference
Exercises 2 Fundamentals of materials used in energy systems
Abstract
2.1 Structures of solids
2.1.1 Atomic structures
2.1.2 Crystal structures
2.1.2.1 Structures for elements
2.1.2.2 Structures for compounds
2.1.2.3 Solid solutions
2.1.3 Crystal diffraction 2.1.3.1 Phase difference and Bragg's law
2.1.3.2 Scattering
2.1.3.3 Reciprocal space
2.1.3.4 Wave vector representation
2.1.4 Defects in solids
2.1.4.1 Point defects
2.1.4.2 Line defects
2.1.4.2.1 Edge dislocations
2.1.4.2.2 Screw dislocations 2.1.4.2.3 Burger's vector and burger circuit
2.1.4.2.4 Dislocation motion
2.1.4.3 Planar defects
2.1.4.3.1 Grain boundaries
2.1.4.3.2 Twin boundaries
2.1.4.4 Three-dimensional defects
2.1.5 Diffusion in solids
2.1.5.1 Atomic theory
2.1.5.2 Random walk
2.1.5.3 Other mass transport mechanisms
2.1.5.3.1 Permeability versus diffusion
2.1.5.3.2 Convection versus diffusion
2.1.5.4 Mathematics of diffusion
2.1.5.4.1 Steady state diffusion
2.1.5.4.2 Non-steady state diffusion
2.1.6 Electronic structure of solids
2.1.6.1 Waves and electrons
2.1.6.1.2 Representation of waves 2.1.6.1.2 Matter waves
2.1.6.1.3 Superposition
2.1.6.1.4 Electron waves
2.1.6.2 Quantum mechanics
2.1.6.3 Electron energy band representations
2.1.6.4 Real energy band structures
2.1.6.5 Other aspects of electron energy band structure
2.2 Phase equilibria
2.2.1 The Gibbs phase rule 2.2.1.1 The phase rule on equilibrium among phases
About the Author: Colin Tong is a materials expert with considerable professional experience in the past two decades. He received his PhD from Tsinghua University, and has been a researcher at the University of Michigan and at Arizona State University. Dr. Tong has published three books, over 30 peer-reviewed articles, and he holds 7 patents.
