K Struct
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K Struct

K Struct


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About the Book

Der Paradigmenwechsel bei der Architektur von Prozessoren hin zu Mehrkernprozessoren (multicore processor) verlangt von Software ein erhohtes Maß an Nebenlaufigkeit, um die verfugbaren parallelen Rechenressourcen effizient zu nutzen. Betriebssysteme sind ein Beispiel fur Software, die hochgradig asynchron und damit in hohem Maße nebenlaufig ist. Wird in einer solchen Software das Konzept des gemeinsamen Hauptspeichers (shared memory) zur Kommunikation zwischen einzelnen Aktivitaten verwendet, mussen Zugriffe auf diese nicht-skalaren Daten in kritischen Abschnitten erfolgen, die geeignet synchronisiert werden. Fur das Uberwachen und Beobachten des Systems ist haufig ein Zugriff auf nicht-skalare Daten im gemeinsamen Speicher notwendig, die den Zustand des Systems beschreiben. Ohne eine Beachtung des Protokolls, das zur Synchronisation verwendet wird, besteht die Gefahr, dass ein solches Uberwachungswerkzeug Daten ausliest, die inkonsistent sind und keinen tatsachlichen Zustand des Systems reprasentieren. Mit dem Vorhandensein vieler paralleler Ausf uhrungseinheiten nimmt die Gefahr von Wettlaufsituationen zwischen Betriebssystem und Beobachtungswerkzeug und damit die Gefahr des Auslesens von inkonsistenten Daten zu. Um diese Probleme zu vermeiden, wird in der vorliegenden Arbeit der KStruct-Ansatz vorgestellt, der es einem dynamischen, nicht-integrierten Beobachtungswerkzeug erlaubt, auf den Zustand eines Betriebssystems unter Berucksichtigung des Synchronisationsprotokolls zuzugreifen. Dazu wird mit Hilfe der Sprache KStruct Access, einer Erweiterung der Programmiersprache C, das Synchronisationsprotokoll des Betriebssystems definiert, welches als Vertrag zwischen Betriebssystem und Uberwachungswerkzeug dient. Die Annotationen werden von einem Compiler in eine Komponente ubersetzt, die von Beobachtungswerkzeugen fur den Zugriff auf den gemeinsamen Speicher verwendet werden kann, um Daten unter Einhaltung des Protokolls auszulesen. Um den Annotationsprozess gerade fur bestehende Softwaresysteme zu unterstutzen, wird zusatzlich KStruct Advice vorgestellt, womit sich ein Betriebssystem hinsichtlich des verwendeten Synchronisationsprotokolls analysieren lasst. Dazu wird ein formales Modell einer Sperre definiert, welches die Grundlage fur eine statische Datenflussanalyse zur Berechnung der Zustande aller Sperren darstellt. Der Zustand einer Sperre wird schließlich mit Zugriffen auf Datenstrukturen im gemeinsamen Speicher korreliert und so ein Synchronisationsprotokoll abgeleitet. Die Ergebnisse des Ansatzes werden im Kontext des Windows Research Kernels betrachtet, diskutiert und evaluiert.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9783869559971
  • Publisher: Na
  • ISBN-10: 3869559977


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