Chapter 1- Introduction
Chapter 2- Indication, Collection and Laboratory Processing of Cytologic Samples
Principal Indication
Collection Techniques
Laboratory Processing of Samples
Suggested Reading
Chapter 3- The Cellular and Acellular Components of the Urinary Sediment
Normal Urothelium (Transitional Epithelium) and Its Cells
Other Benign Cells
Noncellular Components of the Urinary Sediment
Suggested Reading
Chapter 4- The Cytologic Makeup of the Urinary Sediment According to the Collection Technique
Voided urine
Cytologic Makeup of Bladder Washings
Cytologic Makeup of Normal Specimens Obtained by Retrograde Catheterization
Cytologic Makeup of Smears Obtained by Brushing
Cytologic Makeup of Ileal Bladder Urine
Chapter 5- Cytologic Manifestations of Benign Disorders Affecting Cells of the
Lower Urinary Tract
Inflammatory disorders
Cellular inclusions not due to viral agents
Trematodes and other parasites
Lithiasis
Leukoplakia
Effect of Drugs
Effects of radiotherapy
Monitoring of renal transplant patients
Urinary Cytology in Renal Transplant Patients
Rare benign conditions
Suggested Reading
Chapter 6- Tumors of the Bladder
Non-Neoplastic Changes
Hyperplasia
Inverted papilloma
Urothelial (Transitional) Cell Tumors
Epidemiology
Classification and natural history
Types of Urothelial Tumors
A. Papillary Urothelial Neoplasms
I. Tumors with No/Minimal Nuclear Atypia
Papilloma, PUNLMP, low grade Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma
II. High-Grade Papillary Urothelial Carcinoma
B. Nonpapillary Urothelial Tumors
I. Invasive Urothelial Carcinomas
II. Flat Carcinoma In Situ (IUN III): Clinical Presentation, Histology
Histologic Variants of Urothelial Carcinoma
Metastatic Tumors
Cytologic Monitoring of Patients Treated for Tumors of Lower Urinary Tract
Reporting of cytologic findings
Suggested Reading
Chapter 7- Immunohistochemistry, Immunocytochemistry and Other Methods of Detection of Bladder Neoplasms
Introduction
US FDA-approved Markers
Potential Markers in Earlier Phases of Clinical Development
Markers Detected by Immunocytochemistry
Comparison between Urine Cytology and FDA-approved Markers
Conclusion
References
