Although residents and pediatric ophthalmology fellows examine patients in the clinic, they may not be involved in surgery on the same patients and even less often get to follow the progress of these patients postoperatively. The Wills Eye Strabismus Surgery Handbook is designed to address this challenge in residency and fellowship education as a manual focused on developing surgical plans for strabismus patients.

Drs. Leonard B. Nelson and Alex V. Levin and their contributors have organized The Wills Eye Strabismus Surgery Handbookto allow for the reader to take notes regarding their own diagnosis and treatment plan for each case that is presented. This workbook style and its practical, easy-to-read format make this resource useful for written and oral board preparation, and as a handy reference guide for use long after exams are over.

Each chapter presents an introduction into the decision-making process for a specific strabismus condition, followed by the surgical plans selected by three expert Wills Eye Strabismus Center strabismologists with regard to their approach to the presented case.

Summary remarks by the chapter editor briefly review the basic concepts in developing a diagnosis and treatment plan while bringing together the varied opinions offered by the strabismologists in order to put them in context.

Topics covered include:

• Strabismus surgery decision making
• Esotropia
• Exotropia
• Dissociated vertical deviation
• Cranial nerve palsies
• Strabismus syndromes
• Strabismus in systemic disease
• Reoperations
• Nystagmus
• Other complex strabismus cases

Alex V. Levin, M.D., MHSc, FAAP, FAAO, FRCSC, was a child abuse pediatrician following completion of a pediatric residency at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. He then completed an ophthalmology residency at Wills Eye Hospital in Philadelphia, followed by a pediatric ophthalmology fellowship at The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, where he returned to become a professor in the Departments of Pediatrics, Genetics and Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences at the University of Toronto while working as a staff ophthalmologist at The Hospital for Sick Children for over 16 years. There he was the Fellowship Director for 15 years and, with his colleagues, started the Strabismus Nights, which became the inspiration for this book. He is one of fewer than 10 double-boarded pediatrician-pediatric ophthalmologists in the world. In 2001, he obtained his master's degree in bioethics. In 2008, he returned to Wills Eye Hospital as the Chief of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Ocular Genetics.