Malnutrition targets human beings in three forms, undernutrition, micronutrient
deficiency and overnutrition. Overnutrition stands for overweight and obesity
which is defined as dietary energy intake, exceeds the requirements for
maintaining a healthy bodyweight, (Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser, 2019). In
year 1993, World Health Organization (WHO) commenced a review of
interpretation of anthropometric references and in 2018 reported on worldwide
prevalence of obesity that, it boosted three times between 1975 and 2016. World
Health Organisation (WHO) has also declared obesity as global epidemic. Many
countries are suffering from the double burden of Malnutrition like India, where
undernutrition and overnutrition, both are causing mortality and morbidity.
unhealthy behaviour that leads to obesity become routine and hard to change. In a
research with obese individuals, this group was found, treated as one homogenous
cohort, with little acknowledgement that beliefs, lifestyle, attitudes, or
demographic characteristics of each obese individual varies within the cohort.
Despite of the several risk factors identified, still there is no consensus across
published literatures regarding the primary cause of obesity and it requires more
research. Literature review concluded that, behavioural aspects of obese
individuals require in depth research to better understand the practices and
knowledge so that customised intervention can be planned.
Worldwide During 2016, around 1.9 billion adults were reported overweight and
out of these, around 650 million were obese. Centres for Disease Control &
Prevention (CDC) has stated and summarized that obesity is a complex health
issue, arising from single or combination of risk factors. These risk factors include
modifiable and non-modifiable factors like genetic problem or environmental
factors. Several studies established that, balanced diet and physical activity, when
practiced in combination, positively impact in the weight reduction.
Literature Review
When existing literatures were reviewed to understand the obesity and its
management better, it was observed in various studies that, despite of knowing the
fact that balanced diet and good amount of physical activity helps in weight loss,
