Part I Lab Methods
1 Higher plants: Structural diversity of roots
L.G. Tarshis, G.I. Tarshis
2 Electrical impedance spectroscopy and roots
Tapani Repo, Yang Cao, Raimo Silvennoinen and Harry Ozier-Lafontaine
3 Multi Electrode Arrays (MEAs) and the Electrical Network of the Roots
Elisa Masi, Elisa Azzarello, Camilla Pandolfi, Susanna Pollastri, Sergio Mugnai, Stefano Mancuso
4 The vibrating probe technique in the study of root physiology under stress
Camilla Pandolfi, Sergio Mugnai, Elisa Azzarello, Elisa Masi, Susanna Pollastri, Stefano Mancuso
5 The use of planar optodes in root studies for quantitative imaging
Stephan Blossfeld and Dirk Gansert
6 Applications of Confocal Microscopy in the Study of Root Apparatus
Susanna Pollastri, Elisa Azzarello, Elisa Masi, Camilla Pandolfi, Sergio Mugnai, Stefano Mancuso
7 High-Throughput Quantification of Root Growth
Andrew French, Darren Wells and Tony Pridmore
8 Flat optical scanner method and root dynamics
Masako DANNOURA, Yuji KOMINAMI, Naoki MAKITA and Hiroyuki OGUMA
9 3D Reconstruction and Dynamic Modeling of Root Architecture in situ
Suqin Fang, Randy Clark, Hong Liao
Part II Field Methods
10 Geophysical imaging techniques
Said Attia al Hagrey
11 Multi electrode resistivity imaging
Mariana Amato, Vincenzo Lapenna, Roberta Rossi, Giovanni Bitella
12 Using ground-penetrating radar to detect tree roots and estimate biomass
John R. Butnor, Craig Barton, Frank P. Day, Kurt H Johnsen, Anthony N. Mucciardi, Rachel Schroeder, Daniel B. Stover
13 Root structure: in situ studies through sap flow research
Nadezhda Nadezhdina, Teresa S. David, Jorge S. David, Valeriy Nadezhdin, Jan Cermak, Roman Gebauer, Alexia Stokes
14 Root function: in situ studies through sap flow research
Nadezhda Nadezhdina, Teresa S. David, Jorge S. David, Valeriy Nadezhdin, Jan Cermak, Roman Gebauer, Maria Isabel Ferreira, Nuno Conceicao, Michal Dohnal, Miroslav Tesař, Karl Gartner, Reinhart Ceulemans
15 Fine root dynamics and root respiration
Karibu Fukuzawa, Masako Dannoura, Hideaki Shibata
16 Biases And Errors Associated With Different Root Production Methods And Their Effects On Field Estimates Of Belowground Net Primary Production
Daniel G. Milchunas
17 Minirhizotrons in modern root studies
Teofilo Vamerali, Marianna Bandiera, Giuliano Mosca
18. Fine root turnover.
Martin Lukac
