This volume encompasses five chapters from my personal study notes which covers all courses and notes in my study of Nuclear Engineering, from high school throughout my post-doctorate associateship. CHAPTER 9: The Wave Nature of Matter The Wave Nature of Matter DE BROGLIE'S CONCEPT OF MATTER WAVES EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MATTER WAVES EXPERIMENTS OF DAVISSON AND GERMER EXPERIMENTS OF G. P. THOMSON THEORETICAL STUDY OF MATTER WAVES QUANTUM MECHANICS Matrices Algebra 1. THE CORPUSCULAR CONCEPT OF MATTER 2. THE TRANSFORMATION THEORY WAVE MECHANICS PHYSICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF the wave function PRINCIPLE OF INDETERMINACY CRITICISM OF THE THEORY OF MATTER WAVES CHAPTER 10: Quantum Statistics Principles of statistical mechanics Calculus of probabilities and its laws CLASSICAL STATISTICS APPLICATIONS OF THE QUANTUM STATISTICS A. Bose-Einstein statistics 1. Black body radiation 2. Gas degeneration B. Fermi-Dirac statistics 1. Electron theory of metals 2. Thermal and electrical conductivities 3. Thermoelectricity 4. Thermionic effect 5. Photoelectric effect 6. Contact potential difference (Volta effect) 7. Paramagnetism of the alkali metals CRITICISM OF THE QUANTUM STATISTICS CHAPTER 11: The Atom SPECIAL UNITS USED IN ATOMIC PHYSICS The Electronic Structure of the Atom The Atom Models THOMSON ATOM MODEL RUTHERFORD NUCLEAR ATOM MODEL EXPERIMENTS ON THE SCATTERING OF ALPHA PARTICLES BOHR ATOM MODEL ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE ORIGIN OF SPECTRAL LINES Bohr's theory of the origin of spectral lines 1. Spectrum of the singly ionized helium 2. Determination of the ratio of the mass of the electron to that of the proton: m/MH 3. The discovery deuterium or heavy hydrogen of mass number two APPLICATIONS OF BOHR'S THEORY EXCITATION AND IONIZATION OF ATOMS Methods of excitation of atoms EXPERIMENT OF DAVIS AND GOUCHER X-RAY SPECTRA SOME PECULIARITIES OF THE CHARACTERISTIC X-RAY SPECTRA X-RAY ABSORPTION SPECTRA THE SOMMERFELD RELATIVISTIC ATOM MODEL VECTOR ATOM MODEL QUANTUM NUMBERS ASSOCIATED WITH THE VECTOR MODEL OF THE ATOM MAGNETIC MOMENT DUE TO ORBITAL MOTION BOHR MAGNETON MAGNETIC MOMENT DUE TO ELECTRON SPIN ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE IN ATOMS ELECTRON CONFIGURATIONS WITH THEIR MODERN SYMBOLIC REPRESENTATIONS Semiconductors and transistors FINE STRUCTURE OF SPECTRAL LINES OPTICAL SPECTRA Fine structure FINE STRUCTURE OF THE SODIUM D-LINE FINE STRUCTURE OF THE H-alpha LINE X-RAY SPECTRA ZEEMAN EFFECT DEBYE'S EXPLANATION OF THE NORMAL ZEEMAN EFFECT EXPLANATION OF THE ANOMALOUS ZEEMAN EFFECT PASCHEN-BACK EFFECT STARK EFFECT THE STARK PATTERN OF THE H-a LINE FORBIDDEN LINES IN ATOMIC SPECTRA Forbidden lines in nebular and auroral spectra EXPERIMENTAL CONFIRMATION OF THE VECTOR MODEL STERN AND GERLACH EXPERIMENT GYROMAGNETIC EFFECT THE WAVE MECHANICAL ATOM MODEL SOLUTION OF SCHRÖDINGER'S EQUATION FOR THE ONE-ELECTRON ATOM SOME APPLICATIONS OF THE WAVE MECHANICAL THEORY 1. HYDROGEN AND HELIUM ATOMS 2. MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS CHAPTER 12: Molecular Spectra Van der Waals type of binding Molecular Spectra Van der Waals type of binding Metallic binding Electric moments of molecules Size and shape of molecules Dissociation of molecules: heat of dissociation Franck-Condon principle MOLECULAR SPECTRA Theory of the rotation-vibration spectra Theory of the electronic band spectra PECULIARITIES OF CERTAIN BAND SPECTRA ISOTOPIC EFFECT IN MOLECULAR SPECTRA RAMAN EFFECT APPLICATIONS OF THE RAMAN EFFECT IN PHYSICS APPLICATIONS OF THE RAMAN EFFECT IN CHEMISTRY SOLID STATE SPECTROSCOPY Chapter 13: Modern Problems of Radioactivity Modern Problems of Radioactivity The Nucleus of the Atom RADIATIONS FROM NATURAL RADIOELEMENTS Alpha disintegration Beta disintegration Gamma-ray emission SPECTRA OF THE RADIATIONS FROM NATURAL RADIOELEMENTS GAMMA RAY SPECTRA Nuclear energy levels ALPHA RAY SPECTRA BETA RAY SPECTRA The cloud chamber method Theoretical interpretation of the beta-ray continuum