Section A: Introduction
1. Nutrition and common diseases
1.1 Human nutrition
1.2 Nutrition and obesity
1.3 Nutrition and cancer
1.4 Nutrition and diabetes
1.5 Nutrition and cardiovascular diseases
1.6 Impact of exercise
2. Human genomic variation
2.1 Migration and evolutionary challenges of the modern human
2.2 Diversity of human populations
2.3 Genetic variants of the human genome
2.4 The HapMap Project and haplotype blocks
2.5 Genome-wide association studies
2.6 Whole genome sequencing and the 1000 Genomes Project
Section B: Molecular genetic basis
3. Sensing nutrition
3.1 Nutrient-sensing mechanisms
3.2 Nutrient-sensing via nuclear receptors
3.3 Functions and actions of PPARs
3.4 Integration of lipid metabolism by LXRs and FXR
3.5 Coordination of the immune response by VDR
3.6 Circadian control of metabolic processes
4. Nutrigenomics: Adapting the human genome to dietary changes and personalized nutrition
4.1 Definition of nutrigenomics
4.2 Vitamin D and skin color
4.3 Human genetic adaption to dietary changes
4.4 Regulatory SNPs and quantitative traits
4.5 "Omics" analysis in nutrition sciences
4.6 Integrative personal omics profile
5. Nutritional epigenomics
5.1 Epigenetic mechanisms
5.2 Intermediary metabolism and epigenetic signaling
5.3 One-carbon metabolism and DNA methylation
5.4 Nutrition-triggered transgenerational epigenetics in mice
5.5 Epigenetic programming in humans
6. Nutritional signaling and aging
6.1 Aging and conserved nutrient-sensing pathways
6.2 Neuroendocrine aging regulation in humans and other mammals
6.3 Caloric restriction from yeast to mammals
6.4 Properties and functions of sirtuins
6.5 Cellular energy status sensing by AMPK
7. Chronic inflammation and metabolic stress
7.1 Central role of monocytes and macrophages
7.2 Acute and chronic inflammation
7.3 Reverse cholesterol transport and inflammation
7.4 M1 and M2 macrophages in adipose tissue
7.5 ER stress response
Section C: Links to diseases
8. Obesity
8.1 Definition of obesity
8.2 Adipogenesis
8.3 Energy homeostasis
8.4 Hormonal regulation of food anticipation
8.5 Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ
8.6 Inflammation in adipose tissue
8.7 Genetics of obesity
9. Glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance and β cell failure
9.1 Glucose homeostasis in health
9.2 Principles of insulin signaling
9.3 Central role of FOXO transcription factors
9.4 Insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and liver
9.5 β cell failure
10. Diabetes
10.1 Definition of diabetes
10.2 Failure of glucose homeostasis in T2D and its treatment
10.3 Genetics of T2D
10.4 Thrifty gene hypothesis
11. Hypertension, atherosclerosis and dyslipidemias
11.1 Hypertension
11.2 Mechanisms of atherosclerosis
11.3 Cholesterol metabolism and lipoproteins
11.4 Dyslipidemias
12. Metabolic syndrome
12.1 Definitions of the metabolic syndrome
12.2 Whole body's perspective on the metabolic syndrome
12.3 Metabolic syndrome in key metabolic organs
12.4. Genetic and epigenetic basis of the metabolic syndrome
About the Author: Prof. Carsten Carlberg Professor for biochemistry at the School of Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine at the University of Eastern Finland. The main research interests of Prof. Carlberg are (epi)genomics of nuclear receptors and their ligands with special focus on vitamin D. So far he published more than 190 papers (H-index 50). Since 2003 he is lecturing yearly the course "Nutrigenomics", which is the basis of this textbook. Together with Dr. Molnár he also published the Springer textbook "Mechanisms of gene regulation".
Prof. Stine Marie Ulven Professor at the Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences at the University of Oslo (Norway). The main research interests of Prof. Ulven are human dietary intervention studies and diet-gene interactions with particular focus on the role of dietary fat in prevention of chronic diseases. She has in total published 43 papers (H-index of 18).
Dr. Ferdinand Molnár Senior researcher at the School of Pharmacy, Institute of Biopharmacy, University of Eastern Finland. The main research interests of Dr. Molnár are the molecular structure of nuclear receptor proteins and their natural and synthetic ligands, on which he published more than 20 papers (H-index 14). Together with Prof. Carlberg he published the Springer textbook "Mechanisms of gene regulation".
