Pensionnats Du Canada: l'Exp?rience Inuite Et Nordique
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Pensionnats Du Canada: l'Exp?rience Inuite Et Nordique

Pensionnats Du Canada: l'Exp?rience Inuite Et Nordique


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About the Book

Entre 1867 et 2000, le gouvernement canadien a plac? plus de 150 000 enfants autochtones dans des pensionnats d?un bout ? l?autre du pays. Les autorit's gouvernementales et les missionnaires ?taient d?avis qu?afin de ? civiliser et de christianiser ? les enfants autochtones, il fallait les ?loigner de leurs parents et de leur communaut? d?origine respective. La vie de ces enfants au pensionnat ?tait empreinte de solitude et d?exclusion. La discipline y ?tait stricte et le d?roulement du quotidien, lui, fortement r?gent?. Les langues et les cultures autochtones ?taient d?nigr?es et r?prim?es. L ducation et la formation technique prenaient trop souvent la forme de corv?es et de t?ches m?nag?res assurant l?autonomie des pensionnats. La n?gligence ? l gard des enfants fut institutionnalis?e et le manque de supervision donna lieu ? des situations o? les ?l?ves furent victimes de s?vices physiques et sexuels. Une poursuite judiciaire d?pos?e par les anciens pensionnaires a men?, en 2008, ? la mise sur pied de la Commission de v?rit? et r?conciliation du Canada. ?tant l?aboutissement de plus de six ans de recherche, le rapport final de la Commission pr?sente l?histoire des pensionnats ainsi que leur h?ritage, et trace la voie de la r?conciliation. Pensionnats du Canada: L?exp?rience inuite et nordique d?montre que les pensionnats ont rev?tu un aspect unique dans le Nord. En 1950, on ne comptait que six pensionnats et un foyer au-del? du soixanti?me parall?le. Avant 1950, le gouvernement f?d?ral avait confi? les pensionnats nordiques aux soci?t's missionnaires qui menaient principalement leurs activit's dans la vall?e du Mackenzie et au Yukon. Ce n?est qu?au cours des ann?es 1950 que les enfants inuits ont fr?quent? les pensionnats en grand nombre. En raison de l norme distance qu?ils devaient franchir pour se rendre aux pensionnats, certains d?entre eux furent s?par's de leurs parents pendant des ann?es. La mise en place de petits foyers, comme on les appelait, et de pensionnats de jour au sein de plus d?une douzaine de collectivit's inuites dans la r?gion est de l?Arctique amena de nombreux parents inuits ? s tablir dans ces collectivit's durant toute l?ann?e pour demeurer pr's de leurs enfants, contribuant ainsi ? la transformation radicale de l conomie et du mode de vie inuits. Les institutions nordiques n voquent pas tous les m?mes souvenirs. Le personnel du Grandin College de Fort Smith et celui du Churchill Vocational Centre dans le nord du Manitoba ont ?t? fr?quemment cit's pour leur r?le positif dans le d?veloppement et le soutien d?une nouvelle g?n?ration de dirigeants autochtones. Par contre, le legs de certains pensionnats, dont Grollier Hall d?Inuvik et Turquetil Hall d?Igluligaarjuk (bras Chesterfield), est bien plus sombre. Ces pensionnats ont ?t? caract?ris's par des r?gimes prolong's d?agressions sexuelles et de discipline stricte qui ont marqu? pour la vie plusieurs g?n?rations d?enfants. Puisque les Autochtones forment une grande part de la population des territoires nordiques du Canada, l?impact que ces pensionnats ont eu a ?t? fortement ressenti dans l?ensemble de la r?gion. Et comme l?histoire de ces ?tablissements est tr's r?cente, les r?percussions interg?n?rationnelles et l?h?ritage de ceux-ci sont particuli?rement intenses dans le Nord.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9780773546653
  • Publisher: McGill-Queen's University Press
  • Publisher Imprint: McGill-Queen's University Press
  • Height: 244 mm
  • No of Pages: 290
  • Series Title: French
  • Sub Title: Rapport Final de la Commission de V?rit? Et R?conciliation Du Canada, Volume 2
  • Width: 170 mm
  • ISBN-10: 0773546650
  • Publisher Date: 09 Dec 2015
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: French
  • Returnable: Y
  • Spine Width: 23 mm
  • Weight: 662 gr


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