1. Phytoplasmas: An Introduction
L. Pagliari and R. Musetti
Part II: Preparing Plant Material
2. Micro-tom Tomato Grafting for Stolbur-phytoplasma Transmission: Different Grafting Techniques
Sara Buoso and Alberto Loschi
3. Phytoplasma Transmission: Insect Rearing and Infection Protocols
L. Pagliari, J. Chuche, D. Bosco, and D. Thiéry
4. Sampling Methods for Leafhopper, Planthopper, and Psyllid Vectors
Kerstin Krüger and Nicola Fiore
5. Symptoms of Phytoplasma Diseases
Paolo Ermacora and Ruggero Osler
Part II: Molecular Analyses 6. Comparison of Different Procedures for DNA Extraction for Routine Diagnosis of Phytoplasmas Carmine Marcone
7. Standard Detection Protocol: PCR and RFLP Analyses Based on 16S rRNA Gene
Assunta Bertaccini, Samanta Paltrinieri and Nicoletta Contaldo
8. PCR-based Sequence Analysis on Multiple Genes other than 16S rRNA Gene for Differentiation of Phytoplasmas
Marta Martini, Kristi D. Bottner-Parker, and Ing-Ming Lee
9. Real-time PCR Protocol for Phytoplasma Detection and Quantification Yusuf Abou-Jawdah, Vicken Aknadibossian, Maan Jawhari, Patil Tawidian, and Peter Abrahamian
10. Duplex TaqMan Real-Time PCR for Rapid Quantitative Analysis of a Phytoplasma in its Host Plant without External Standard Curves
Sanja Baric
11. A Multiplex-PCR Method for Diagnosis of AY-Group Phytoplasmas
Shigeyuki Kakizawa
12. One-step Multiplex Quantitative RT-PCR for the Simultaneous Detection of Viroids and Phytoplasmas
Ioanna Malandraki, Christina Varveri and Nikon Vassilakos
13. A Rapid Protocol of Crude RNA/DNA Extraction for RT-qPCR Detection and Quantification
Claudio Ratti, Stefano Minguzzi, and Massimo Turina
14. Quantitative Analysis with Droplet Digital PCR
Natasa Mehle and Tanja Dreo
15. Rapid Sample Preparation and LAMP for Phytoplasma Detection
Jennifer Hodgetts
16. Assembly of Phytoplasma Genome Drafts from Illumina Reads using Phytoassembly
Cesare Polano and Giuseppe Firrao
17. Protocol for the Definition of a Multi-Spectral Sensor for Specific Foliar Disease Detection: Case of 'Flavescence Dorée' H. Al-Saddik , A. Laybros, JC. Simon, and F. Cointault
18. Transcriptomic Analyses of Phytoplasmas
Davide Pacifico, Simona Abbà, and Sabrina Palmano
Part III: Site-specific Analyses 19. Transcriptomic Analyses of Phytoplasmas
Davide Pacifico, Simona Abbà, and Sabrina Palmano
20. Laser Microdissection of Phytoplasma-infected Grapevine Leaf Phloem Tissue for Gene Expression Study
Simonetta Santi
21. Collection of Phloem Sap in Phytoplasma-infected Plants
Matthias R. Zimmermann, Torsten Knauer and, Alexandra C.U. Furch
22. DAPI and Confocal Laser-Scanning Microscopy for in vivo Imaging of Phytoplasmas
Rita Musetti and Stefanie Vera Buxa
23. Immunofluorescence Assay to Study Early Events of Vector Salivary Gland Colonization by Phytoplasmas
Luciana Galetto, Marta Vallino, Mahnaz Rashidi, and Cristina Marzachì
Part IV: Plant-pathogen Interaction
24. Characterization of Phytoplasmal Effector Protein Interaction with Proteinaceous Plant Host Targets using Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC)
Katrin Janik, Hagen Stellmach, Cecilia Mittelberger, and Bettina Hause
25. Col
