Pladoyer fur Planwirtschaft: Vom Umgang mit Widerspruchen in DDR, Sowjetunion und VR China
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Pladoyer fur Planwirtschaft: Vom Umgang mit Widerspruchen in DDR, Sowjetunion und VR China

Pladoyer fur Planwirtschaft: Vom Umgang mit Widerspruchen in DDR, Sowjetunion und VR China


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About the Book

1960 begann in der DDR eine Debatte uber die Messbarkeit des Arbeitswerts. Zur selben Zeit empfahlen in der Sowjetunion Anatoli Kitow und Viktor Gluschkow ein landesweites einheitliches Netzwerk von Computerzentren zur Planung von Arbeitsaufkommen, Produktion und Verteilung. Beide Ansatze blieben ohne Nachwirkung. In der DDR wurde stattdessen die Konzeption einer »sozialistischen Warenproduktion« als Grundlage eines »Neuen Okonomischen Systems« entwickelt. Diese Reform, die in fast allen europaischen sozialistischen Landern ahnlich verlief, und vor allem das Festhalten an ihr ist fur Helmut Dunkhase ein Irrweg. Er nimmt sowohl die vorangegangenen Erorterungen in der noch jungen DDR uber die Messbarkeit des Arbeitswerts als auch den alternativen Entwicklungsweg in der Sowjetunion auf und verweist auf die Arbeitszeitrechnung als Basis des okonomischen Kalkuls in einer sozialistischen Planwirtschaft. Dunkhase halt es fur moglich, auf Grundlage der Arbeitswerttheorie und bei Verwendung moderner Computertechnik eine Planung zu verwirklichen, die die Gebrechen einer jeden Variante von »Marktwirtschaft« uberwindet. Mit Personen- und Sachregister. INHALT Einleitung ...7 1. Mythos NOS oder: Uber den Umgang mit Widerspruchen ...11 1.1 Das Kernproblem: Verhaltnis von Plan und Markt ...11 1.1.1 Debatte uber Arbeitszeitrechnung in der DDR ...11 1.1.2 Plan und Markt in der jungen DDR ...14 1.2 Theoretische Begrundung des NOS ...16 1.2.1 1961 – Behrens: Ware, Wert und Wertgesetz ...16 1.2.2 1967 – Ulbrichts Fanal: Warenproduktion in der »sozialistischen Produktionsweise« ...25 1.2.3 1969 – Das Quasi-Lehrbuch: Politische Okonomie des Sozialismus und ihre Anwendung in der DDR ...26 1.2.4 1977 – Richter/Schließer: Die Warenproduktion im Sozialismus ...29 1.2.5 Steuern und Wertgesetz in einer sozialistischen Okonomie ...32 1.3 Schieflagen ...36 1.3.1 Parallelen zwischen NOS und Neuer Okonomischer Politik (NOP) in der Sowjetunion? ...36 1.3.2 Wann wird der Widerspruch zwischen Plan und Markt ein antagonistischer? ...40 1.3.3 Sozialdemokratische Degeneration ...44 Intermezzo: China ...53 2. Neue Wege ...58 2.1 Probleme und Errungenschaften in der Planung der Sowjetunion ...59 2.1.1 Ungeliebte Mathematisierung ...59 2.1.2 Lineare Optimierung ...60 2.1.3 Nowoschilow ...64 2.2 Planung nach Stalin ...66 2.2.1 Der Ablauf des Planungsprozesses ...66 2.2.2 Schwierigkeiten bei der Erstellung eines konsistenten Plans ...67 2.2.3 Welche Auswege wurden gesucht? ...69 2.2.4 Ein alternativer Entwicklungsweg: Sowjetmacht plus Internet ...70 2.2.5 Exkurs: Input-Output-Rechnung und lineare Optimierung in der DDR 73 2.3 Neues in der Gegenwart ...75 2.3.1 Neue Einsichten in der Arbeitswerttheorie ...75 2.3.2 Was ist Arbeitszeitrechnung? ...77 2.3.3 Input-Output-Analyse ...78 2.3.4 Cockshott & Cottrell ...80 2.3.5 Cyber-Kommunismus in Kurzfassung ...84 2.3.6 Welcher Staat? ...89 Anhang 1: Konspekte und Notizen zur 1960er Debatte uber die Messbarkeit des Werts ...96 Anhang 2: Feldman-Modell ...108 Anhang 3: Rechnungen zur linearen Optimierung ...112 Anhang 4: Metrik des Warenraums ...116 Anhang 5: Ein Beispiel fur Input-Output-Rechnung ...121 Literatur ...125 Personenregister ...131 Sachregister


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9783894387860
  • Publisher: PapyRossa
  • ISBN-10: 3894387866
  • Publisher Date: 3/11/2022


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