Poemas
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Poemas

Poemas


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About the Book

Juan Francisco Manzano (1797-1856) Cuba. En algún día del mes de agosto de 1797 nació, esclavo. Fue el primer hombre de piel negra que leyó en público en Cuba sus propios poemas. Se trataba del soneto Mis treinta años, leído en la tertulia habanera de Domingo del Monte en 1836 y publicado un año después.

El poeta tenía cuarenta años y cierta fama lo había precedido en aquella incursión. Quince años atrás había publicado con licencia de sus amos, Cantos a Lesbia en 1821. Luego, en 1830, Flores Pasageras (sic), de los cuales no se conserva ni un solo ejemplar.

De aquella lectura y del interés de Del Monte surgió la idea de recaudar 850 pesos. Esa fue la cantidad que exigió su dueña para pagar la libertad de Manzano.

En 1837 era ya un hombre libre cuando fueron publicados en El aguinaldo habanero los sonetos A la ciudad de Matanzas y Mis treinta años. De aquella lectura del año 1836 salió también la proposición de Del Monte para que Manzano escribiera su autobiografía. La Autobiografía de un esclavo (publicada también en Linkgua, en la edición de José Luciano Franco).

En su correspondencia con Del Monte, Manzano expresó en forma efusiva su deuda de gratitud. Así escribió en una carta del 11 de diciembre de 1834:


Mi querido y señor don Domingo: no puedo pintar a su merced la grande sorpresa que me causó cuando supe por su merced mismo la dirección que piensa dar a mis pobres rimas. Cuando las considero navegando a climas tan distintos para ver la luz pública en emporio de la ilustración europea, donde tantos vates con razón se disputan la primacía, todo me parece un sueño. Nacidas en la zona tórrida bajo la oscuridad de mi destino, vuelan desde el seno de mis infortunios llevando el nombre de su infelice autor más de donde merece ser oído; a la verdad señor: Mucho bien esperé pero no tanto.


Manzano se niega a ser silenciado, utiliza el lenguaje como una forma de resistencia y una forma de reclamar su voz. A través del uso de su poesía intenta definirse a sí mismo como un poeta. Lucha con ello por no ser solo un esclavo. Reclama esa humanidad suya que la esclavitud trató de quitarle.

Al hacerlo, recupera poderosamente su identidad y se resiste a la deshumanización de la esclavitud. La poesía Manzano es a la vez ubicada dentro del romanticismo, aunque con un sabor criollo peculiar.

En palabras de José Lezama Lima:


Manzano es un sorprendente caso de intuición para lo poético, con los escasos conocimientos que pudo obtener, nos ha dejado una pequeña obra llena de musicalidad y de simpatía poética.


Juan Francisco Manzano también escribió cuentos. En ellos que mezcló leyendas africanas, canciones de cuna y en 1842 salió de una imprenta habanera su tragedia en cinco actos Zafira.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9788411260947
  • Publisher: Radames Molina
  • Binding: Hardback
  • Language: Spanish
  • Returnable: N
  • Weight: 403 gr
  • ISBN-10: 8411260941
  • Publisher Date: 01 Jan 2024
  • Height: 229 mm
  • No of Pages: 122
  • Spine Width: 11 mm
  • Width: 152 mm


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