Primores Galliarum Book by Y Burnand - Bookswagon
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Primores Galliarum

Primores Galliarum


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Un peu moins de trois cents Gallo-Romains ont appartenu aux deux ordres nobiliaires romains au cours du Haut-Empire, chevaliers pour les trois quarts, senateurs pour le quart restant. La reconnaissance de cette appartenance est le resultat d'une application de criteres d'origine geographique aux senateurs et chevaliers romains presumes originaires de Gaule ou presumes tels a divers titres, qui a conduit a ecarter, dans l'etat actuel de la documentation, un nombre assez eleve de personnages consideres comme ayant appartenu a l'ordre senatorial ou a l'ordre equestre pour des raisons individuelles ou un statut presume de groupes. Il s'agit en ce cas d'une part de Gaulois assures mais dont l'appartenance a l'un des deux ordres nobiliaires ne peut etre qu'une erreur ou une trop fragile hypothese, d'autre part de senateurs ou de chevaliers parfaitement authentiques mais pour lesquels une origine de Gaule ne pose sur de fondements depourvus de solidite ou qui ne suffisent pas a asseoir une conviction.Ces deux elites nobiliaires ont connu simultanement une triple evolution. Une evolution chronologique des effectifs connus: ils ont progresse de maniere parallele pour les senateurs et les chevaliers jusqu'a la fin du 1er siecle, en laissant derriere eux les effectifs senatoriaux et equestres des provinces hispaniques, africaines et micrasiatiques; une baisse a commence dans la seconde moitie du IIe siecle et s'est generalisee au IIIe siecle, plus rapidement et plus profondement, au moins en apparence, pour les senateurs dont les effectifs connus furent, comme ceux des chevaliers, de plus en plus largement distancees par ceux des nobles d'Afrique et d'Asie Mineure.Cette evolution chronologique s'est accompagnee d'une evolution de la repartition geographique de ces primores. La Narbonnaise est presente dans la prosopographie senatoriale et equestre des la fin de la Republique, mais le premier chevalier connu des Trois Gaules date de l'epoque augusteenne et la premiere attestation d'un senateur de l'une de ces provinces de l'epoque claudienne. Ce retard a dure pour le recrutement senatorial jusqu'au debut du IIe siecle, tandis que les effectifs des chevaliers croissaient oins inegalement. Au IIe siecle le contraste entre la Narbonnaise et le reste de la Gaule s'est attenue a la suite de la diminution du nombre des senateurs et des chevaliers connus dans la province du Sud-Est, alors que dans les Trois Gaules le nombre des premiers augmentait legerement et que se maintenait le nombre des seconds, les deux provinces rhenanes restant en retrait. Au cours du IIIe siecle s'est produit un renversement des valeurs au benefice de la Gaule conquise par Cesar, les regions rhenanes fournissant alors ses assises les plus larges au recrutement equestre.Les primores gallo-romains ont aussi connu une evolution d'ordre sociologique. Commencee par l'octroi du droit de cite au chefs indigenes, expliquant l'acces privilegie de ceux-ci a l'ordre equestre et par lui a l'ordre senatorial, l'extension progressive du recrutement equestre puis senatorial du Sud-Est vers les regions de l'interieur et du Nord de la Gaule a continue jusqu'au deuxieme tiers du IIe siecle au profit des milieux dirigeants traditionnels, mais aux chefs indigenes des peuples du Sud-Est et aux descendants des dynastes aquitains ou bataves ont succede des notables de moindre envergure; enfin ont accede a leur tour a l'ordre equestre des militaires de carriere venus avant tout des regions du Nord-Est.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9782870312698
  • Publisher: Peeters
  • Publisher Imprint: Peeters
  • Height: 236 mm
  • No of Pages: 200
  • Series Title: Collection Latomus
  • Sub Title: IV. Indices
  • Width: 157 mm
  • ISBN-10: 2870312695
  • Publisher Date: 31 Dec 2010
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: French
  • Returnable: N
  • Spine Width: 15 mm
  • Weight: 390 gr


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