Co-edited by world-renowned scientists in the field of catalysis, this book contains the cutting-edge in situ and operando spectroscopy characterization techniques operating under reaction conditions to determine a materials' bulk, surface, and solution complex and their applications in the field of catalysis with emphasis on solid catalysts in powder form since such catalyst are relevant for industrial applications. The handbook covers from widely-used to cutting-edge techniques. The handbook is written for a broad audience of students and professionals who want to pursue the full capabilities available by the current state-of-the-art in characterization to fully understand how their catalysts really operate and guide the rational design of advanced catalysts.

Individuals involved in catalysis research will be interested in this handbook because it contains a catalogue of cutting-edge methods employed in characterization of catalysts. These techniques find wide use in applications such as petroleum refining, chemical manufacture, natural gas conversion, pollution control, transportation, power generation, pharmaceuticals and food processing.

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Miguel A. Bañares is Full Research Professor at the Institute for Catalysis and Petroleum Chemistry, CSIC in Madrid, Spain. He has been deputy vice president for Scientific-Technical Fields at CSIC, Spanish National Research Council. The Bañares' group focuses its research on understanding structure-performance relationships in catalysis combining spectroscopy during catalytic reactions with simultaneous activity measurement ("operando" methodology, a term which he coined in 2000) for real-time monitoring of catalytic processes, catalyst evolution, and synthesis. He has been awarded with the Doctor Honoris Causa degree by the Université de Caen Normandie, France, for his seminal operando work. Dr. Banares received the B.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Universidad de Salamanca, Spain.

Israel E. Wachs is G. Whitney Snyder Professor of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and director of the Operando Molecular Spectroscopy and Catalysis Laboratory, Lehigh University. He has earned wide recognition for his research into heterogeneous catalysis, and for his modern approach to establishing fundamental relationships between surface structure and kinetic activity for metal oxides catalysts. He is known for his pioneering work on mixed oxides and in 2016, received AIChE's top award in chemical reaction engineering, the R. H. Wilhelm Award, sponsored by ExxonMobil Research for seminal contributions towards development of innovative concepts for molecular chemical reaction engineering of mixed oxide catalyzed reactions by establishing fundamental catalyst molecular structure-activity kinetic relationships. He has also been honored for his work on green chemistry technologies by the U.S. E.P.A. Dr. Wachs received his B.S. from Hunter College of the City University of New York and his Ph.D. from Stanford University.