1. Introduction2. General Economic and Trade Environment
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Development of GDP in Estonia, Finland and Sweden
2.3. Development of Trade in Estonia, Finland and Sweden
2.4. Increasing Oil Prices - Driver of Harms in Sulphur Regulation
2.5. Maritime Diesel: Price Goes Up as Lower Sulphur Quality Requirements Rise
2.6. Conclusions
3. Was Sulphur Regulation the Reason for the Growth of Unitized Cargo between Finland and Estonia?
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Sulphur Regulation and Logistics Sector Change
3.3. Research Environment: Finnish Unitized Cargo Transportation Volumes at Baltic Sea
3.4. Empirical Data Analysis: Finnish Regression Models
3.5. Concluding Discussion
4. Unitized Cargo: Growing Truck-Based Volumes at the Sea Ports of Estonia, Sweden and Finland
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Estonian Logistics Sector and Growing Role of Trucks with Semi-Trailers
4.3. Swedish Logistics Sector and Growing Role of Trucks with Semi-Trailers
4.4. Finnish Logistics Sector and Growing Role of Trucks with Semi-Trailers
4.5. Concluding Discussion
5. Maritime Supply Chains: How They Experienced Regulation Change
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Short-Sea Shipping Companies
5.3. Two Hinterland Transport Companies - Road and Rail
5.4. Private Sector Expectations and Impressions Before and After Sulphur Regulation Implementation
5.5. LNG: Sea Port Terminal Point of View
5.6. Prices of Natural Gas in Different Locations
5.7. Conclusions
6. Longitudinal Survey Findings from Northern Europe
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Transportation Units Used
6.3. Transportation Modes Used - Future Directions
6.4. Sulphur Regulation Effects in Two Different Surveys
6.5. Conclusions
7. Simulation of Different Supply Chain Strategies
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Finnish Supply Chain Options to Central Europe
7.3. Finnish Supply Chain Options with Asia
7.4. Different Scenarios of Sulphur Regulation Implementation in Year 2020
7.5. Conclusions
8. Conclusions
About the Author: Olli-Pekka Hilmola is Professor of Logistics at Lappeenranta University of Technology (LUT), Finland. His research focuses on industrial management, supply chain management, system dynamics and transportation systems and he has published over 300 publications, including books, conference proceedings and articles. Professor Hilmola is currently on the editorial board of several international journals and published Supply Chain Cases with Palgrave Macmillan in 2017.
