Tina Turner, born Anna Mae Bullock on November 26th, 1939, in Nutbush, Tennessee, U.S., was a Swiss recording singer, songwriter, dancer, actress, and author. Born and raised in the Southeastern United States, Turner relinquished her American citizenship after obtaining Swiss citizenship in 2013. She began her career in 1958, as a featured singer with Ike Turner's Kings of Rhythm, first recording under the name "Little Ann." She was introduced to the public as Tina Turner in 1960, as a member of the Ike & Tina Turner Revue. Success followed with a string of hits credited to the duo, including "A Fool in Love", "River Deep - Mountain High" (1966), "Proud Mary" (1971), and "Nutbush City Limits" (1973), a song which she wrote herself. In her autobiography, I, Tina, she revealed several instances of severe domestic abuse against her by Ike Turner, prior to their 1976 split and subsequent 1978 divorce. Raised a Baptist, she gained the faith of Nichiren Shoshu Buddhism in 1971, with the spiritual chant of Nam Myoho Renge Kyo, which Turner claimed helped her to endure during difficult times. After her divorce from Ike Turner, she rebuilt her career through live performances. In the 1980s, Turner launched a major comeback, with another string of hits, starting in late 1983 with the single "Let's Stay Together," followed by the 1984 release of her fifth solo album Private Dancer, which became a worldwide success. The album contained the song "What's Love Got to Do with It", which became Turner's biggest hit, winning four Grammy Awards, including Record of the Year. Her solo success continued throughout the 1980s and 90s, with multi-platinum albums Break Every Rule and Foreign Affair, including singles such as "We Don't Need Another Hero (Thunderdome)", "Typical Male", "The Best", "I Don't Wanna Fight" and "GoldenEye," for the 1995 James Bond film of the same name. In 1993, "What's Love Got to Do with It," was used as the title of a biographical film, adapted from her autobiography, along with the film's accompanying soundtrack album. In addition to her musical career, Turner has also achieved success acting in films, including in the role of the Acid Queen, in the 1975 rock musical Tommy, a starring role alongside Mel Gibson in the 1985 action film Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome, and a cameo role in the 1993 film Last Action Hero. One of the world's best-selling artists of all time, she has often been referred to as The Queen of Rock 'n' Roll.