Trastornos del desarrollo asociados con la exposición al alcohol durante el embarazo y la lactancia
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Trastornos del desarrollo asociados con la exposición al alcohol durante el embarazo y la lactancia

Trastornos del desarrollo asociados con la exposición al alcohol durante el embarazo y la lactancia


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About the Book

En la literatura podemos encontrar referencias sobre las consecuencias del consumo de bebidas alcohólicas durante la gestación y la lactancia desde antes del siglo XIX. Sin embargo, los efectos del alcohol como agente teratógeno fueron descritos relativamente hace poco tiempo, (Lemoine et al (1968) y Jones y Smith (1973)). A estos últimos autores se les atribuye la definición del Síndrome Alcohólico Fetal. El SAF es el problema más conocido derivado del consumo de bebidas alcohólicas durante el embarazo, no obstante se conocen otras muchas consecuencias y trastornos más allá del retraso en el crecimiento, alteraciones en el sistema nervioso central y malformaciones faciales características. Existe evidencia clara sobre la capacidad del alcohol como teratógeno para interrumpir o alterar el desarrollo del embrión o feto en cualquiera de las etapas de gestación: el alcohol aumenta el riesgo de aborto, de retraso en el crecimiento intrauterino y de malformaciones congénitas.El SAF tiene una relativa baja incidencia, sin embargo existen múltiples trastornos relacionados con los efectos de la exposición del embrión o el feto al alcohol. Este hecho ha llevado a desarrollar una categoría clasificatoria de mayor alcance, los Trastornos del Espectro Alcohólico Fetal, que, incluyendo el Síndrome Alcohólico Fetal, también contempla todos los trastornos derivados del consumo de alcohol aunque no desarrollen los signos físicos faciales característicos.El consumo de alcohol durante el periodo gestacional es responsable de daño físico y psíquico irreversible en el individuo, y es quizás la causa más importante prevenible de los trastornos del desarrollo, en particular del retraso mental. La intervención preventiva se hace más necesaria al conocer los resultados de las encuestas sobre consumo de alcohol, que evidencian que el consumo de las mujeres en edad de gestación se ha aproximado más al consumo de los hombres, por lo que en términos relativos ha aumentado su consumo. Además, se están produciendo cambios en los patrones de consumo en las mujeres, emulando en cierta medida el consumo masculino, en particular la tendencia es hacia un consumo intensivo y asociado a los fines de semana.En un país como el nuestro, uno de los tres mayores productores y consumidores de bebidas alcohólicas, las actitudes sobre el consumo son muy permisivas. Las bebidas alcohólicas están presentes en todos nuestros actos sociales, las bebidas alcohólicas están insertas en nuestra cultura desde el origen de la misma. La cotidianidad del consumo hace que se le vea como poco peligroso. Este libro tiene como objetivo trasmitir a los alumnos de grados socio-sanitarios las consecuencias de dicha ingesta.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9788476429037
  • Publisher: Nau Llibres (Edicions Culturals Valencianes, S.A.)
  • ISBN-10: 8476429037
  • Publisher Date: 01 Sep 2012


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Trastornos del desarrollo asociados con la exposición al alcohol durante el embarazo y la lactancia
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