Chapter One
The Need for Utilizing Multiple Approaches for Complex PTSD: No Theory Has It All
Introduction: Complex Clients Need Multiple Approaches
What is Trauma and Who Gets to Define It?
Difficulties in the Study of Complex Trauma
PTSD vs. cPTSD: Important Distinctions
Therapeutic Efficacy and the Therapeutic Alliance
Multiple Treatments, Equal Efficacy
Commonalities Among All Approaches
The Therapy Relationship and Clinical Hypothesis Testing
Negotiating the Beginning of Therapy
Conclusion
References
Chapter Two: How Trauma Stokes Fear: Considerations in Beginning of Therapy
The Neurobiology of Trauma
Evidence for Intergenerational Trauma Effects
Fear: Known, Unknown, and Acted Out
Clinical Hypothesis Testing and Introducing the Concept of Fear
The Unhelpful Link between cPTSD and Personality Disorders
How Trauma Can Lead to Incorrect Diagnoses
Assessing Character Style
Managing Fear in the Beginning of Therapy
Conclusion
Initial Goals in the Beginning of Therapy for People with cPTSD
References
Chapter Three: Nurturing the Therapeutic Alliance: Mentalizing and Emotional Safety
Characteristics of Therapists Who Have Good Outcomes
-The Effective Therapist Has Sophisticated Interpersonal Skills -The Effective Therapist Has an Ability to Explain A Client's Distress and Takes the Client's Unique Experience into Account
- The Effective Therapist Is Persuasive About Treatment Ideas And Monitors Progress in An Authentic Way
- The Effective Therapist Can Deal with Difficult Material While Communicating Hope and Optimism
- The Effective Therapist Is Keenly Aware of Their Own Psychology
- The Effective Therapist Stays Aware of Relevant Research and Strives to Continually Improve
Trust and the Mentalizing Therapist
Normalizing and Managing Shame
Creating Safety Though Respecting Avoidance
How Much Should We Encourage the Processing of Memories?
Conclusion
Interventions for Mentalizing and Maintaining Emotional Safety
References
Chapter Four: The Therapeutic Alliance and Maintaining Physical Safety
Trauma, Suicidal Ideation and Deaths of Despair
The Alarming Epidemi
About the Author:
Tamara McClintock Greenberg, Psy.D., M.S., is a clinical psychologist in private practice in San Francisco, CA, where she specializes in treating adults with depression, anxiety, relationship issues, trauma, and those who are coping with medical illness, either as a patient or affected family member. She has been practicing psychology in San Francisco since 1997.
As a Full Clinical Professor of Psychiatry at the University of California, San Francisco, Tamara spent over 12 years seeing medical patients and their families in the UCSF hospitals and clinics and has spent the last 22 years supervising psychiatry residents, psychology interns and students in a number of different training centers.
Tamara received a post-doctorate master's degree in Clinical Psychopharmacology from Alliant University/California School of Professional Psychology in 2004, her Doctorate Degree in Clinical Psychology from Argosy University/Minnesota School of Professional Psychology, Minneapolis, MN in 1997.
She received the Jacob Markovitz Memorial Scholarship toward her graduate school studies. Her APA-approved predoctoral internship was at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center in North Chicago, IL from 1996-1997. She has been licensed as a clinical psychologist in the state of California since 1999 (PSY 16206). Her publishing has focused on care taking, health psychology, psychodynamic psychology, women's issues and trauma, with the aim of helping people navigate complex physical and/or psychological issues.
Tamara has written for multiple publications, including The Huffington Post, Psych Central, Psychology Today, The Good Men Project, Maria Shriver's website, The San Francisco Chronicle, and has been quoted as an expert in Forbes, USA Today, Newsweek, Next Avenue (PBS), The Washington Post and more. She has been interviewed by numerous radio stations, including several NPR stations and affiliates.
Tamara lives in San Francisco with her husband and two pugs, Roscoe and Rufus.
